Armor materials’ behavior under repetitive dense plasma shots

The experimental and theoretical investigations of damage development and distribution in double-forged tungsten under plasma irradiation-initiated extreme heat loads

“…2. A comparison with previous research on single--forged tungsten and tungsten dispersed with lanthanum oxide [9,10] shows that double forging of tungsten has led to improvement of the materials properties, namely strengthening of binding between grains. Thus, for the development of a mesh of cracks more powerful plasma pulses are needed.…”

“…It was found that the increasing number of plasma pulses (from 25 to 100) leads to decrease of sizes of macrocells as well as microcells. The research shows that for these experiments with DFW under the same conditions (PF-12), the size of microcells closes to 25 m, which is larger than in case of single forged tungsten (W) and tungsten doped with 1% lanthanum-oxide (WL10) [9]. Also, it should be noted that development of mesh of cracks (mesh of cells) took two to eight plasma pulses for single forged W and WL10 [10].…”

“…Plasma-material interaction studies showed that higher heat fl ux factor F leads to higher values of microroughness upon irradiated surfaces (see [1,9,10,22]). Therefore, the sample DFW 87a should have greater microroughness R a values than DFW 88a.…”

“…On the other hand, when a mesh of microcracks was developed during plasma pulses at PF-12, which were followed by irradiation of the sample in QSPA Kh-50 (with much smaller values of power fl ux density), no signifi cant change of micro-or macrocells' sizes was observed. For a comparison, when tungsten was produced by usual rolling and single forging technology, the mesh of microcracks occurred on the samples already after eight shots of plasma [9,10].…”

“…La 2 O 3 , Y 2 O 3 , TiO, etc.) or other elements (Ta, Ti) might improve the physical properties of the alloy [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Different investigations have shown that while improving some of the tungsten's properties, adding the components can also lead to generation of tungsten dust to plasmas.…”