ArmChain - A Blockchain Based Sensor Data Communication For the Vehicle as a Mobile Sensor Network

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are broadly applied for various applications in tracking and surveillance due to their ease of use and other distinctive characteristics compelled by real-time cooperation among the sensor nodes. In WSNs, security is becoming a critical issue, as the techniques for malicious node detection adopt a one-time, centralized decision-making approach. With this paradigm, errors are difficult to avoid, and reproducibility and traceability are challenging. Hence, malicious node discovery technologies in conventional WSNs cannot assure traceability and fairness of the detection method. Herein, this paper discusses an in-depth survey of a blockchain-based approach for malicious node detection, an exhaustive examination of the integration of blockchain techniques with WSNs (BWSN), and insights into this novel concept. This survey discusses the architecture, sector-wise applications, and uses of BWSN. Moreover, this survey describes malicious node detection based on BWSN in two parts: 1) the BWSN architecture for detecting the malicious nodes and 2) the smart contract aspects in malicious node detection. Next, this survey explains the contributions of blockchain for WSN data management, which involves online information aggregation and may include auditing, event logs, and storage for information analysis and offline query processing. This survey first presents the conventional WSN solutions then the blockchain-based WSN solutions for data management. Additionally, this survey discusses the contributions of blockchain for WSN security management. It first examines the centralized WSN models for security problems, followed by a discussion of the blockchain-based WSN solutions for security management, such as offering access control, preserving information integrity, guaranteeing privacy, and ensuring WSNs' node longevity.

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“…Vehicle tracing [92], logistics service identifiers, goods transport reports, toll information keeping, et al…”

Section: Logistics and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blockchain-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Malicious Node Detection: A Survey

et al. 2021

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“…Air quality data often require manual intervention for their access and use. Unlike previous studies [25], the air quality data used in this study were obtained from a real and fully working monitoring network running in the Italian city of Milan [14]. Moreover, the use of the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) protocol allows for the storage of a large amount of data while keeping a low transaction price, unlike the smart contract that is commonly used [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Air Pollution Measurement System Based on Ethereum Blockchain

Sofia

Lotrecchiano

Giuliano

et al. 2020

JSAN

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The need to protect sensitive data is growing, and environmental data are now considered sensitive. The application of last-generation procedures such as blockchains coupled with the implementation of new air quality monitoring technology allows the data protection and validation. In this work, the use of a blockchain applied to air pollution data is proposed. A blockchain procedure has been designed and tested. An Internet of Things (IoT)-based sensor network provides air quality data in terms of particulate matter of two different diameters, particulate matter (PM)10 and PM2.5, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) concentrations. The dataset also includes meteorological parameters and vehicular traffic information. This work foresees that the data, recovered from traditional Not Structured Query Language (NoSQL) database, and organized according to some specifications, are sent to the Ethereum blockchain daily automatically and with the possibility to choose the period of interest manually. There was also the development of a transaction management and recovery system aimed at retrieving data, formatting it according to the specifications and organizing it into files of various formats. The blockchain procedure has therefore been used to track data provided by air quality monitoring networks unequivocally.

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Blockchain Technology for Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

Jabbar

Dhib²,

Said

et al. 2022

IEEE Access

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The use of Blockchain technology has recently become widespread. It has emerged as an essential tool in various academic and industrial fields, such as healthcare, transportation, finance, cybersecurity, and supply chain management. It is regarded as a decentralized, trustworthy, secure, transparent, and immutable solution that innovates data sharing and management. This survey aims to provide a systematic review of Blockchain application to intelligent transportation systems in general and the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) in particular. The survey is divided into four main parts. First, the Blockchain technology including its opportunities, relative taxonomies, and applications is introduced; basic cryptography is also discussed. Next, the evolution of Blockchain is presented, starting from the primary phase of pre-Bitcoin (fundamentally characterized by classic cryptography systems), followed by the Blockchain 1.0 phase, (characterized by Bitcoin implementation and common consensus protocols), and finally, the Blockchain 2.0 phase (characterized by the implementation of smart contracts, Ethereum, and Hyperledger). We compared and identified the strengths and limitations of each of these implementations. Then, the state of the art of Blockchain-based IoV solutions (BIoV) is explored by referring to a large and trusted source database from the Scopus data bank. For a well-structured and clear discussion, the reviewed literature is classified according to the research direction and implemented IoV layer. Useful tables, statistics, and analysis are also presented. Finally, the open problems and future directions in BIoV research are summarized.

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ArmChain - A Blockchain Based Sensor Data Communication For the Vehicle as a Mobile Sensor Network

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Blockchain-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Malicious Node Detection: A Survey

Blockchain-Based Wireless Sensor Networks for Malicious Node Detection: A Survey

Novel Air Pollution Measurement System Based on Ethereum Blockchain

Blockchain Technology for Intelligent Transportation Systems: A Systematic Literature Review

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