Arketipe peran Ibu dalam cerita rakyat nusantara dan kontribusinya terhadap terapi lintas budaya

Abstract

Saat ini, sensivitas budaya di bidang psikoterapi menjadi isu yang penting karena tumbuhnya kesadaran bahwa berbagai praktik yang dilakukan selama ini bersifat Eurosentris. Para ahli mengabaikan fakta keberagaman latar belakang budaya pasien. Padahal, banyak terapis yang menangani pasien dari berbagai latar belakang budaya menyadari adanya keunikan budaya pada setiap pasiennya. Sayangnya, belum banyak riset yang berusaha memahami dan menggali kekayaan budaya yang ada dalam cerita rakyat dan dimanfaatkan dalam bidang terapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeksripsikan arketipe peran Ibu dalam cerita rakyat nusantara dan signifikansinya sebagai mental budaya masyarakat dapat berkontribusi terhadap terapi lintas budaya. Penelitian menggunakan 288 cerita rakyat Nusantara. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis isi dan studi dokumen. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan dalam imajinasi kolektif masyarakat Nusantara, Ibu arketipe peran Ibu termanifestasi dalam bentuk peran Ibu yang baik, Ibu yang buruk, dan peran Ibu yang bertransformasi. Ibu tidak hanya menjadi sosok protagonis yang memberikan perlindungan, kehidupan, dan kesejahteraan, tetapi juga menjadi antagonis yang mampu menjadi sosok menakutkan bagi anaknya. Dalam oposisi biner ini, sosok Ibu juga mampu bertranformasi dengan mengubah peranannya sesuai dengan konteks situasi yang menyertainya, yaitu Ibu protagonis menjadi sosok antagonis yang diakibatkan oleh ketidakpatuhan anaknya atau hadirnya pihak ketiga. Ketiga arketipe peran Ibu tersebut merupakan gambaran dari imajinasi kolektif masyarakat Nusantara dalam menggambarkan peran Ibu dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Gambaran ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam bidang terapi, khususnya dalam proses terapi yang melibatkan pasien anak-anak atau Ibu. Arketipe peran Ibu dapat menjadi gambaran mengenai nilai-nilai yang melekat pada sosok Ibu dan menjadi mental budaya masyarakat Nusantara. Currently, cultural sensitivity in the field of psychotherapy has become an important issue due to the growing awareness that various practices carried out so far are Eurocentric. Experts ignore the fact that the patient's cultural background is diverse. In fact, many therapists who treat patients from various cultural backgrounds are aware of the cultural uniqueness of each patient. Unfortunately, not much research has tried to understand and explore the cultural richness that exists in folklore and is used in the field of therapy. This study aims to describe the archetype of the mother in the folklore of the archipelago and its significance as a community mental culture that can contrIbute to cross-cultural therapy. The study used 240 Indonesian folk tales. The analytical method used is content analysis and document study. The results of the study show that in the collective imagination of the people of the archipelago, the archetypal mother role is manifested in the form of a good mother role, a bad mother, and a transformed mother role. Mother is not only a protagonist who provides protection, life, and welfare, but also becomes an antagonist who can become a frightening figure for her child. In this binary opposition, the mother figure is also able to transform by changing her role according to the context of the accompanying situation, namely the protagonist's mother becomes an antagonist figure caused by the disobedience of her child or the presence of a third party. The three archetypes of the mother's role are an illustration of the collective imagination of the Indonesian people in describing the role of mothers in everyday life. This picture can be used in the field of therapy, especially in the therapeutic process involving children or mothers. The archetype of the mother's role can be an illustration of the values ​​attached to the mother figure and become the cultural mentality of the Indonesian people.

Trends and patterns of gender research in Indonesian folktales: Implications for primary education

“…Folktales is also used as a means of passing on values between generations (Andalas & Qur'ani, 2019). Folktales contains the values, ideas, and worldviews of the people who own the stories (Andalas, 2017(Andalas, , 2018Dundes, 1969). As a medium for transmitting knowledge and values, folktales should not only be considered as a means of inheritance but the content of folktales should be assessed within the framework of education.…”

Si Blorok: Mother Figure as Performer of Islamic Education Values in Dongenge Pitik karo Bebek

“…On the other hand, research entitled "Arketipe Peran ibu dalam Cerita Rakyat Nusantara dan Kontribusinya dalam Terapi Lintas Budaya" by Andalas and Sugiarti raises the role of a mother from a different perspective. This research explores the archetype of the mother's role in Nusantara folklore, its significance as a cultural mentality of society, and the extent of its contribution to cross-cultural therapy (Andalas & Sugiarti, 2021). The research exploring 288 Indonesian folk tales found that the archetype of the mother's role was formed into three characters: a good mother, a bad mother, and a transformed mother.…”

“…The protagonist's mother becomes an antagonist caused of the child's disobedience or the presence of a third party. The descriptions of the three archetypes of the mother's role show the role of the mother in everyday life and can be utilized in the field of therapy (Andalas & Sugiarti, 2021).…”

“…Moreover, through fairy tales, value education can be more interesting and easily conveyed to children. Fairy tales are considered to play an influential role in children's education because they reveal primitive ideas that are very close to the way children think (Andalas & Sugiarti, 2021). In Early Childhood Education (PAUD), fairy tales are a reliable source to advise children in telling messages and stories that carry wisdom as a lesson.…”