Argumentos éticos a favor y en contra de la participación del profesional médico en la muerte asistida. Análisis del Departamento de Ética del Colegio Médico de Chile

Salas, Sofía P.; Salinas, Rodrigo; Besio, Mauricio; Micolich, Constanza; Arriagada, Anamaría; Raddatz, Adelio Misseroni; Valenzuela, Carlos Y; Novoa, Fernando; Estefó, Gladys Bórquez

doi:10.4067/s0034-98872020000400542

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…d) El análisis del fundamento ético-antropológico aquí realizado se apoya en el realismo filosófico, cuyos argumentos son cuestionados desde otras perspectivas filosóficas, como el Utilita-rismo o Libertarismo. Una comparación entre las diversas corrientes de fundamentación ética excede los límites de este trabajo y puede encontrarse en la literatura 26 .…”

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Pendiente resbaladiza de la muerte asistida en los Países Bajos, Bélgica y Colombia

2022

Rev. méd. Chile

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An analysis of the "slippery slope" of assisted deathThe study analyzes the phenomenon of the "slippery slope" of assisted death in The Netherlands, Belgium, and Colombia after the depenalization or legalization of this practice. Data analysis was performed reviewing the evidence published in scientific journals and in the governments' official reports. We verified a progressive broadening of the limits initially established by the law for the practice of assisted death in these three countries. This confirms the occurrence of the "slippery slope". Also, the exponential increase in the number of assisted deaths in these three countries after the legalization indirectly suggests the presence of the "slippery slope". An analysis of the anthropological and ethical implications of assisted death highlights that its moral assessment should not be exclusively based on consequentialist arguments. Also, a prudential interpretation of the slippery slope argument in the legal debate about assisted death should be incorporated. We conclude that the moral evaluation of assisted death cannot be exclusively grounded on its negative social consequences, but rather on the lack of respect for basic human values such as life and the intrinsic dignity of a person. The verification of the "slippery slope" in these three countries should be regarded as an alarm for an eventual legalization of euthanasia in Chile.

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Pendiente resbaladiza de la muerte asistida en los Países Bajos, Bélgica y Colombia

2022

Rev. méd. Chile

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Euthanasia in Africa: A scoping review of empirical evidence

Amzat

Kanmodi

Ismail

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aims The core ethical perplexity is that physician‐assisted suicide and euthanasia (PAS/E) contradicts the core value of medical practice which is about the duty of care to preserve life. While most arguments for and against euthanasia emerge from other continents, no African country legalizes or decriminalizes PAS/E. The essence of this scoping review is to collate evidence and scientific voices on euthanasia in Africa by synthesizing empirical articles on the subject in Africa. Methods In this scoping review, a systematic search of five electronic research databases—PubMed, SCOPUS, CINHAL Complete, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), and APA PsycInfo—was conducted to identify relevant articles conducted in Africa on euthanasia. After deduplication with the Rayyan software, the retrieved literature were screened for eligibility, and only eligible articles were included in the review. Relevant data from these articles were extracted and analyzed using narrative synthesis. Results Only 14 articles reporting empirical studies, conducted in Africa, and published in English, were included in the review after a rigorous screening process. The review shows a wide rejection of euthanasia, but there is not much resistance to passive euthanasia, that is, withholding/withdrawing life‐saving medical care from a terminally ill patient, mostly due to advanced age of the patient and the incurability of the illness. Many factors, such as religion, profession, and age help in shaping the way an individual view and understand PAS/E. Professionals take the patient's clinical condition and sociocultural context into consideration when making decisions about end‐of‐life care. The sociocultural context did not favor PAS/E. Conclusion Euthanasia will continue to be a subject of controversy and debate in Africa and elsewhere. The majority of Africans hold the duty of care and preservation of life as the hallmark of medical practice, which informs the wide rejection of PAS/E.

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Perception of Physicians Working in Chile Toward Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Picón-Jaimes¹,

Orozco-Chinome²,

Lozada-Martínez

et al. 2022

J Prim Care Community Health

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Introduction: Assisted suicide and euthanasia are controversial issues today and have been throughout the history of humanity, mainly because there are individuals for and against them. Currently, the legalization of these practices is being discussed in Chile, and the perception of physicians regarding this issue is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess physicians’ perception of Chile’s euthanasia and assisted suicide. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study was carried out in Chile. A questionnaire of physicians’ attitudes and opinions on assisted suicide and euthanasia was used. The population was the doctors who work in Chile, and the sample was convenient with a sample calculation of 384 physicians. About 20 variables were considered and included in a form created through the Google forms option, which was distributed through social networks: LinkedIn, Facebook, Twitter, and WhatsApp. To guarantee the anonymity of the participants, the option to request and remember the participant’s email was deactivated. A generated database allowed the quantitative analysis of the variables and their expression through frequencies, percentages, and graphs. The European University of the Atlantic’s research ethics committee approved this study as stated in the document CE-55 of March 2021. Results: A total of 410 physicians were surveyed. 50.7% (n = 208) of the participants identified themselves as men, and 69.8% (n = 286) were Chilean. The city of Santiago was the area of residence of 72.9% (n = 299) of the participants. About 34.6% (n = 142) of participants were general practitioners, and 39.3% (n = 161) of the physicians had more than 20 years of experience. About 68.7% had favorable attitudes toward euthanasia and 54.4% toward assisted suicide; However, although the majority favored legalizing euthanasia and assisted suicide, approximately 48.8% stated that they would not participate in an assisted suicide procedure. Conclusions: There was evidence of support for the implementation and legalization of euthanasia and assisted suicide by physicians in Chile. However, there are still professionals who have not yet decided on a definitive position on these practices.

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Argumentos éticos a favor y en contra de la participación del profesional médico en la muerte asistida. Análisis del Departamento de Ética del Colegio Médico de Chile

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Pendiente resbaladiza de la muerte asistida en los Países Bajos, Bélgica y Colombia

Pendiente resbaladiza de la muerte asistida en los Países Bajos, Bélgica y Colombia

Euthanasia in Africa: A scoping review of empirical evidence

Perception of Physicians Working in Chile Toward Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

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