Area Classification Is Not a Copy-and-Paste Process: Performing Reliable Hazardous-Area-Classification Studies

Rangel, Estellito; Luiz, Aurélio M.; Filho, Hilton Leao de P.M.

doi:10.1109/mias.2015.2458335

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Group II of equipment for use in offshore oil and gas installations is divided into Categories, which can be used or installed in hazardous Zones, as given in Table 3. Categories of equipment and Hazardous Zones [15][16][17][18][19] can be determined by using any of the available technical standards. For electrical equipment, IEC 60079: Explosive atmospheres-CENELEC 60079 series can be used, and for nonelectrical equipment, EN 13463 series (EN ISO 80079) can be used.…”

Section: Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The offshore oil and gas industry under the IECEx scheme uses the same classification of equipment as under the ATEX protective scheme: Groups, Categories of equipment, and Hazardous Zones (Technical Committee 31 of the IEC is responsible for equipment for explosive atmospheres). The IEC 60079 series of Technical Standards can be used, but in the offshore industry, the Recommended Practice by the American Petroleum Institute API505 "Classification of Locations for Electrical Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone 0, Zone 1, and Zone 2" is more used (a similar approach is used in the US onshore industry through the NEC505, as described in Section 2.3.1) [16]. The requirements between these two approaches for Hazardous Zones are similar; the IEC 60079 is more analytical, while the RP API505 is more prescriptive [6].…”

Section: "International Electrotechnical Commission System For Certification To Standards Relating To Equipment For Use In Explosive Atmomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Offshore Oil and Gas Safety: Protection against Explosions

Brkić

Stajić

2021

JMSE

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Offshore oil and gas operations carry a high risk of explosions, which can be efficiently prevented in many cases. The two most used approaches for prevention are: (1) the “International Electrotechnical Commission System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Explosive Atmospheres” (IECEx) and (2) European “Atmosphere Explosible” (ATEX) schemes. The main shortcoming for the IECEx scheme is in the fact that it does not cover nonelectrical equipment, while for the ATEX scheme, it is due to the allowed self-certification for a certain category of equipment in areas with a low probability of explosions, as well as the fact that it explicitly excludes mobile offshore drilling units from its scope. An advantage of the IECEx scheme is that it is prescribed by the US Coast Guard for protection against explosions on foreign mobile offshore drilling units, which intend to work on the US continental shelf but have never operated there before, with an additional requirement that the certificates should be obtained through a US-based Certified Body (ExCB). Therefore, to avoid bureaucratic obstacles and to be allowed to operate with minimized additional costs both in the US and the EU/EEA’s offshore jurisdictions (and very possibly worldwide), all mobile offshore drilling units should be certified preferably as required by the US Coast Guard.

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Section: Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: "International Electrotechnical Commission System For Certification To Standards Relating To Equipment For Use In Explosive Atmomentioning

confidence: 99%

Offshore Oil and Gas Safety: Protection against Explosions

Brkić

Stajić

2021

JMSE

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“…The design guidelines for the globally accepted hazardous area classification include API RP 505, EI 15, NFPA 497, and IEC 60079-10-1 [ 2 ]. Each code has a different method for calculating the radius of a zone formed by a facility handling flammable materials [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific Process Conditions for Non-Hazardous Classification of Hydrogen Handling Facilities

Byeon

2021

Safety and Health at Work

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Hazardous area classification design is required to reduce the explosion risk in process plants. Among the international design guidelines, only IEC 60079-10-1 proposes a new type of zone, namely zone 2 NE, to prevent explosion hazards. We studied how to meet the zone 2 NE grade for a facility handling hydrogen gas, which is considered as most dangerous among explosive gases. Zone 2 NE can be achieved considering the grade of release, as well as the availability and effectiveness of ventilation, which are factors indicative of the facility condition and its surroundings. In the present study, we demonstrate that zone 2 NE can be achieved when the degree of ventilation is high by accessing temperature, pressure, and size of leak hole. The release characteristic can be derived by substituting the process condition of the hydrogen gas facility. The equations are summarized considering relation of the operating temperature, operating pressure, and size of leak hole. Through this relationship, the non-hazardous condition can be realized from the perspective of inherent safety by the combination of each parameter before the initial design of the hydrogen gas facility.

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Environmental considerations

Süli¹

2019

Electronic Enclosures, Housings and Packages

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Area Classification Is Not a Copy-and-Paste Process: Performing Reliable Hazardous-Area-Classification Studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 7 publications

Offshore Oil and Gas Safety: Protection against Explosions

Offshore Oil and Gas Safety: Protection against Explosions

Specific Process Conditions for Non-Hazardous Classification of Hydrogen Handling Facilities

Environmental considerations

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