Are you better? A multi‐centre study of patient‐defined recovery from Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Llewellyn, Alison; McCabe, Candy; Hibberd, Yvette; White, Paul; Davies, Lindsay; Marinus, Johan; Perez, R.; Thomassen, Ilona; Brunner, Florian; Sontheim, C; Birklein, Frank; Schlereth, Tanja; Göebel, Andreas; Haigh, Richard; Connett, Robyn; Maihöfner, Christian; Knudsen, Lone; Harden, R. Norman; Żyluk, Andrzej; Shulman, David H.; Small, Helen; Gobeil, François; Moskovitz, Peter A.

doi:10.1002/ejp.1138

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Other studies [12,16] assessing pain and severity scores confirmed that pain remained present in the long term showed that CRPS patients consider themselves recovered when they were relieved from local or generalized pain and discomfort. For the majority, CRPS resolves within a year, but prospective studies have indicated severe pain remaining in 13% of the patients at one year or more after the diagnosis [59].…”

Section: Crps Severity Scorementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Llewellyn et al [12] reported on 242 chronic CRPS that muscle weakness and decreased range of motion were the most frequent symptoms. These findings underlined the importance to improve motor function and reduce stiffness as priorities in rehabilitation.…”

Section: Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results are difficult to compare given the heterogeneity of the populations studied as well as the evolution of the clinical criteria used and the lack of consensus on what really defines healing and recovery [4]. Liewellyn et al [12] showed that patients considered that they have recovered when their CRPS-related pain, movement difficulties (muscle weakness, decreased range of motion) and reliance on medication have been addressed. In more than 60%, the injury is located at the upper-limb and the clinical sign are more distal [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This suggests that an injury affecting a given joint or part of a limb might trigger CRPS symptoms also on remote regions of the affected limb. To date, some studies have examined the consequences of CRPS at the lower-limb [13,14], or upper-limb [7,15] or both together [6,9,[10][11][12]14,16] in terms of persistence of clinical signs. The symptoms at the lower-limb are more refractory to intervention than those involving the upper-limb [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The long-term effect of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 on disability and quality of life after foot injury

Mouraux

Lenoir

Tuna

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Implications for rehabilitation • The long-term evolution of patients suffering from lower-limb Complex Regional Pain Syndrome is associated with persistent disability, pain and impacts the quality of life. • Strength, proprioceptive, functional and subjective assessments are necessary to better identify deficits. • Rehabilitation should focus on the overall deficit of the affected and contralateral limb.

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Section: Crps Severity Scorementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Strengthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The long-term effect of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 on disability and quality of life after foot injury

Mouraux

Lenoir

Tuna

et al. 2019

Disability and Rehabilitation

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“…A change between RS2 (immediately before the commencement of treatment) and RS3 (immediately after the end of the treatment period) in current self-reported pain intensity and CRPS severity score [35,52] are the primary outcomes. People with CRPS consider pain relief to be the highest priority for recovery [59], and pain intensity is the most common primary outcome in chronic pain trials [60]. Current pain intensity is measured using item 6 of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI; short form) [42], which is a Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) ranging from 0 -"no pain" to 10 -"pain as bad as you can imagine".…”

Section: Primary Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pain reduction by inducing sensory-motor adaptation in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS PRISMA): protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial

et al. 2020

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Background: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) presents as chronic, continuous pain and sensory, autonomic, and motor abnormalities affecting one or more extremities. People with CRPS can also show changes in their perception of and attention to the affected body part and sensory information in the affected side of space. Prism Adaptation (PA) is a behavioural intervention targeted at reducing attention deficits in post-stroke hemispatial neglect. PA also appears to reduce pain and other CRPS symptoms; however, these therapeutic effects have been demonstrated only in small unblinded studies. This paper describes the protocol for an ongoing double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial that will evaluate the efficacy of PA treatment for CRPS. The secondary aims of the study are to examine the relationships between neuropsychological changes (such as spatial attention, space and body representation, and motor spatial performance) and clinical manifestations of CRPS, as well as symptom improvement. Methods: Forty-two participants with upper-limb CRPS type I will undergo 2 weeks of twice-daily PA treatment or sham treatment. The primary outcome measures are current pain intensity and CRPS severity score, measured immediately before and after the treatment period. Secondary outcome measures include the results of self-report questionnaires about pain, movement, symptoms interference, and body representation; clinical assessments of sensory, motor, and autonomic functions; and computer-based psychophysical tests of neuropsychological functions. Data are collected in four research visits: 4 weeks and 1 day before treatment, and 1 day and 4 weeks after the end of treatment. Additional follow-up through postal questionnaires is conducted 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Discussion: It is hypothesised that participants undergoing PA treatment, compared to those receiving sham treatment, will show greater reduction in pain and CRPS severity score, and improvements on other clinical and neuropsychological measures. Also, more pronounced neuropsychological symptoms are predicted to correlate with more severe clinical CRPS symptoms. This study will provide the first randomized double-blind evaluation of the therapeutic effects of PA that could be implemented as a rehabilitation method for CRPS, and will contribute to the understanding of how neuropsychological changes in body representation and attention pertain to the manifestation and treatment of CRPS. Trial registration: (27/03/2017): ISRCTN46828292 (ISRCTN-ISRCTN46828292: Treatment of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) with sensory-motor adaptation).

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Complex regional pain syndrome what is the outcome? ‐ a systematic review of the course and impact of CRPS at 12 months from symptom onset and beyond

Johnson

Cowell

Gillespie

et al. 2022

European Journal of Pain

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Are you better? A multi‐centre study of patient‐defined recovery from Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Cited by 23 publications

References 55 publications

The long-term effect of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 on disability and quality of life after foot injury

The long-term effect of complex regional pain syndrome type 1 on disability and quality of life after foot injury

Pain reduction by inducing sensory-motor adaptation in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS PRISMA): protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Complex regional pain syndrome what is the outcome? ‐ a systematic review of the course and impact of CRPS at 12 months from symptom onset and beyond

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