Are there gender differences in functional outcome after stroke?

Wyller, Torgeir Bruun; Sødring, Karen Margrethe; Sveen, Unni; Ljunggren, Anne Elisabeth; Bautz‐Holter, Erik

doi:10.1177/026921559701100211

Cited by 84 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A basic question, especially concerning age, is whether the apparent associations are due to ageing itself or secondary to other causes. Regarding sex, previous researchers have generally reported a negative effect of female sex on functional outcome 5, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. This is seen also in the present study (for details, see11).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…This has been demonstrated universally and it is also a main finding in our study. In addition higher age,3, 5, 8, 9 female sex,5, 19, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27 prior cerebrovascular disease,3, 5, 8 peripheral artery disease,7 arm paresis,5 diabetes,5, 7 fever,5 TOAST‐classification 4, 28 and infarct location,5, 6, 28 among others, have been reported to be negative predictors. The main results in our study thus are consistent with previous findings, emphasising especially stroke severity and prior cerebrovascular disease in addition to age and sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Subjective health complaints predict functional outcome six months after stroke

et al. 2016

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ObjectivesCerebrovascular stroke is a main cause of lasting disability in older age, and initial stroke severity has been established as a main determinant for the degree of functional loss. In this study, we searched for other predictors of functional outcome in a cohort of stroke patients participating in an early supported discharge randomised controlled trial.MethodsThirty candidate variables related either to premorbid history or to the acute stroke were examined by ordered logistic regression in 229 stroke patients. Dependent variables were modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 6 months and mRS change from baseline to 6 months.ResultsFor mRS at 6 months, Barthel Index at stable baseline post‐stroke was the main predictor, with sex, age, previous cerebrovascular disease, previous peripheral artery disease and the necessity for tube feeding in the acute phase also contributing to the final model. For mRS change, only age and previous cerebrovascular disease were significant predictors. Prestroke subjective health complaints added significantly to all final models concurrently with sex losing its predictive power.ConclusionsInitial stroke severity was the main predictor of functional outcome. Subjective health complaints score was a potent predictor for both outcome and improvement from baseline to 6 months and at the same time ameliorated the predictive impact of sex. The poorer functional prognosis for women after stroke may therefore be related to their higher load of subjective health complaints rather than to their sex itself. Treating these complaints may possibly improve the functional prognosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective health complaints predict functional outcome six months after stroke

et al. 2016

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“…32,33 There were 4 studies specifically designed to identify sex differences in PADL with all finding females had worse functional outcomes after stroke. 9,13,21,22 All studies adjusted for age, 2 adjusted for stroke severity, 21,22 and 2 adjusted for vascular risk factors. 13,21 Among studies not designed to examine sex differences, 5 reported that females had worse outcome than males in unadjusted analyses 10 and independent of age, 11,16,23,24 stroke severity, 23,24 prestroke disability, 23 comorbidities, 24 depression, 11 living alone, 11 recurrent stroke, 11 and cognitive impairments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Long-Term Outcomes After Stroke

Gall

Tran

Martin

et al. 2012

Stroke

118

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“…In our study, although the functional status at admission in female patients was better, there was no difference between genders in terms of FIM gain and FIM efficiency. Nevertheless, there are conflicting results in the literature on gender and its effect on functional improvement (16)(17)(18)(19)(20)25,28). In a study by Hachisuka et al (16), it has been found that although there was no significant difference in terms of motor function in stroke between female and male patients, FIM scores of male patients with stroke tended to be lower than those of female patients with stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the Functional Independence Measure Gain of Patients with Stroke

Çakır¹,

Sarıer²,

Doğan³

et al. 2015

Turk J Phys Med Rehab

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Objective: To investigate the effect of rehabilitation in patients admitted to our clinic after stroke on the latest situation. Material and Methods: Medical records of 126 patients who were brought to the PMR Clinic at Antalya Education and Research Hospital between October 2010 and November 2011 and were hospitalized and received a rehabilitation program were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into the following groups according to etiology, ischemic and hemorrhagic; age, under and over 65years of age; the time passed until the onset of rehabilitation, early (<3 months) and late (≥3 months); and by affected side, right and left. The functional status of patients at admission to our center, at discharge from our center, and the functional gains during hospitalization were evaluated by Functional Independence Measure (FIM), FIM gain, and FIM efficiency. Results: Admission FIM values were found to be 73.2±29.1 for patients with acute phase and 80.7±32.9 for patients with chronic phase. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Mean FIM gain was 17.7±18.2 for patients with acute phase and 9.3±11.7 for patients with chronic phase; FIM gain in patients with acute phase was statistically significant (p=0.02). FIM efficiency in patients with acute phase was statistically significant (p=0.03). Conclusion: As a result, FIM gain and FIM efficiency in patients with acute phase were higher in patients with chronic phase in this retrospective study conducted in 126 hemiplegic patients. The early onset of rehabilitation will enable patients to perform more comfortable daily life activities and to achieve more functional gain.

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Are there gender differences in functional outcome after stroke?

Abstract: Women seem to be functionally more impaired by stroke than men.

Cited by 84 publications

References 19 publications

Subjective health complaints predict functional outcome six months after stroke

Subjective health complaints predict functional outcome six months after stroke

Sex Differences in Long-Term Outcomes After Stroke

Factors affecting the Functional Independence Measure Gain of Patients with Stroke

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