Are polychlorinated biphenyl residues adequately described by Aroclor mixture equivalents?  Isomer-specific principal components analysis of such residues in fish and turtles

Schwartz, Ted R.; Stalling, David L.; Rice, Cynthia

doi:10.1021/es00155a008

Cited by 79 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…However, Schwartz et al showed that PCB congener distributions in some ®sh and turtles did not resemble those of the commercial PCB mixtures (Schwartz et al, 1987). It was their suggestion that the observed di erences in PCB congener distributions were due to environmental and metabolic alterations in the compositions of the congeners.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concentration-normalized PCB congener data was used to create variable loading terms (b) and principal component terms (s), from which a three-dimensional sample similarity plot was prepared (t 1 vs. t 2 and t 3 ). Schwartz et al (1987) previously used PCA modeling of PCB congener patterns determined by GC to show that PCB congener patterns in selected ®sh and turtle samples from a freshwater tidal marsh on the Pennsylvania shore of L. Erie (Tinicum Marsh) were di erent from those of technical Aroclors or their combinations. The results of our application of PCA modeling to the PCB congener patterns in the NCBP ®sh extracts showed that the Aroclors (and clean ®sh tissue spiked with them) de®ned the four vertices of a pyramidal volume in three-dimensional space that included Aroclors and their combinations (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) – measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts

et al. 2000

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Robert O., "Comparison of an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) -measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts" (1999). USGS Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) ± measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) AbstractThe analysis of PCBs in ®sh tissues by immunoassay methods was evaluated using ®sh collected from a US monitoring program, the National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program of the US Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service. Selected composite whole ®sh samples, which represented widely varying concentrations and sources of PCBs, were extracted and subjected to congener PCB analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and total PCB analysis using an ELISA (ePCBs) calibrated against technical Aroclor 1248. PCB congener patterns in these ®shes were di erent from the patterns found in commercial Aroclors or their combinations as demonstrated by principal component analysis of normalized GC congener data. The sum of the PCB congeners measured by GC (total-PCBs) ranged from 37 to 4600 ng/g (wet weight). Concentrations of PCBs as determined by the ELISA method were positively correlated with total-PCBs and the ePCBs/total-PCBs ratios for individual samples ranged from 1 to 6. Ratios of ePCBs/totalPCBs for dilutions of Aroclors 1242, 1254, and 1260 and for matrix spikes range from 0.6 for 1242 to 2.5 for 1254 and 1260. These results suggest that higher chlorinated PCB congeners have higher a nity for the anti-PCB antibodies. Partial least squares with latent variable analysis of GC and ELISA data of selected Aroclors and ®sh samples also support the conclusion that ELISA derived PCB concentrations are dependent on the degree of chlorination. Ó

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to gas chromatography (GC) – measurement of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in selected US fish extracts

et al. 2000

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“…From 1976 -84, PCBs were present at about 91% of the NCBP stations nationwide (Schmitt et al 1990). It should be noted that the declining incidence of PCBs in the MRB from 1984 -86 to 1995 occurred despite the lower LOD for total PCBs in 1995 (0.05 g/g) than in 1984 -86 (0.1 g/g); however, GC-ECD-based analyses of weathered PCBs based on Aroclor mixtures can vary considerably (Schwartz et al 1987;Eganhouse and Gossett 1991), and the quantitation method used for the 1995 samples differed slightly from that used in 1984 -86 (Schmitt et al 1990).…”

Section: Pcbsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Organochlorine Chemical Residues in Fish from the Mississippi River Basin, 1995

Schmitt

2002

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Each species in the food chain retains persistent congeners that prove resistant to metabolism and elimination (59l). Bioaccumulation through the food chain tends to concentrate congeners of higher chlorine content, producing residues that are considerably different from the original Aroclors (59)(60)(61). PCB residues in fish and turtles, changed through environmental or metabolic alteration, cannot be characterized by Arodor 1242, 1248, 1254, or 1260 standards (60).…”

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confidence: 99%