Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology

2000

DOI: 10.1007/s002650050669

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Are naked and common mole-rats eusocial and if so, why?

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Rodney L. Honeycutt

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et al.

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Introduction3

Honeybee Diphenism and Caste Differentiation1

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Cited by 183 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Mammals show a fascinating diversity of social organization, ranging from solitary-living (non-social) to extended families and even eusocial societies [5,6]. The diversity of mammalian social organization has received significant attention [7 -9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social organization in Eulipotyphla: evidence for a social shrew

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2015

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Shrews and their close relatives (order Eulipotyphla) are typically considered to be solitary. This impacts our understanding of mammalian social evolution: (i) the ancestor of mammals is believed to have been shrew-like, and even though Eulipotyphla are not more basal than other mammalian orders, this might have been one reason why the first mammals have been assumed to be solitary-living; (ii) Eulipotyphla are the third largest mammalian order, with hundreds of species entering comparative analyses. We review primary field studies reporting the social organization of Eulipotyphla, doing a literature research on 445 species. Primary literature was only available for 16 of the 445 species. We found 56% of the studied species to be social (38% were living in pairs), which is in sharp contrast to the 0.5 and 8% reported in other databases. We conclude that the available information indicates that shrews are more sociable than generally believed. An interesting alternative hypothesis is that the mammalian ancestor might have been pair-living. To understand the social evolution of mammals, comparative studies must be based on reliable and specific information, and more species of all orders must be studied in the field.

“…Mammals show a fascinating diversity of social organization, ranging from solitary-living (non-social) to extended families and even eusocial societies [5,6]. The diversity of mammalian social organization has received significant attention [7 -9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social organization in Eulipotyphla: evidence for a social shrew

¹

,

²

,

³

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Shrews and their close relatives (order Eulipotyphla) are typically considered to be solitary. This impacts our understanding of mammalian social evolution: (i) the ancestor of mammals is believed to have been shrew-like, and even though Eulipotyphla are not more basal than other mammalian orders, this might have been one reason why the first mammals have been assumed to be solitary-living; (ii) Eulipotyphla are the third largest mammalian order, with hundreds of species entering comparative analyses. We review primary field studies reporting the social organization of Eulipotyphla, doing a literature research on 445 species. Primary literature was only available for 16 of the 445 species. We found 56% of the studied species to be social (38% were living in pairs), which is in sharp contrast to the 0.5 and 8% reported in other databases. We conclude that the available information indicates that shrews are more sociable than generally believed. An interesting alternative hypothesis is that the mammalian ancestor might have been pair-living. To understand the social evolution of mammals, comparative studies must be based on reliable and specific information, and more species of all orders must be studied in the field.

“…In the animal kingdom, eusociality is phylogenetically considered an unusual trait, since it is nearly confined to insects (ants, wasps, termites, and bees;Wilson 1971), in addition to occur in some crustaceans (Emmet et al 2000) and mammals [mole-rats (Burda et al 2000) and humans (Foster and Ratnieks 2005)]. Eusocial insects are capable of executing complex, cooperative, and altruistic tasks in a colony environment.…”

Section: Honeybee Diphenism and Caste Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ontogenetic saga of a social brain

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et al. 2017

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-Queen and worker honeybees differ in a number of life-history traits, including the size of certain brain regions, such as the mushroom bodies (MBs), which are larger in workers. However, during the larval period, the differential feeding offered to queens promotes faster brain development. As a result, members of this caste have larger brains than workers. This developmental process is accompanied by the higher expression of several neurogenic genes. Nonetheless, a caste-specific shift in relative brain growth occurs during the next developmental stage. The suggested molecular underpinnings of this phenomenon are variations in hormonal environments, which may mediate higher cell death rates in the queen's brain than in the workers'. The brain development of this highly eusocial bee is thus a paradoxical case that may represent an evolutionary by-product of the reproductive division of labour in species with female size diphenism.Apis mellifera / honey bee / development / caste / phenotypic plasticity

“…The varying degree of sociality is negatively correlated with precipitation, which subsequently influences the distribution of geophytes, the animals' staple food (Jarvis et al, 1994). The causes of social evolution in bathyergids, however, are still debated (Bennett and Faulkes, 2000;Burda et al, 2000). While Fukomys has been vilified for damaging crops, it is an important food resource for humans in many parts of its geographic range.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytochrome b sequence analysis reveals differential molecular evolution in African mole-rats of the chromosomally hyperdiverse genus Fukomys (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) from the Zambezian region

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et al. 2007

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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African mole-rats (Bathyergidae, Rodentia) of the (eu)social genus Fukomys are one of the most speciose mammal genera endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa. Fukomys distributed in the Zambezian phytochorion is characterized by extreme chromosomal variation (2n = 40-78). We inferred a molecular phylogeny of Zambezian Fukomys to resolve the interrelationships and the evolutionary history of the known chromosomal races. We sequenced the entire cytochrome b gene (1140 bp) for a total of 66 specimens representing 18 karyotypical races from Zambia. An additional 31 sequences were retrieved from GenBank including data on all other chromosomal races. The haplotypes belonging to a small chromosomal race from Salujinga cluster with the Fukomys mechowii (Giant mole-rat) haplotypes. Differential degrees of chromosomal variation are observed among the major mole-rat clades, which is most pertinent when comparing the central Zambezian Fukomys micklemi and the northern Zambezian Fukomys whytei clades. The karyotypically hyper-diverse (12 known chromosomal races) Fukomys micklemi clade shows low levels of cytochrome b sequence divergence. Within the F. whytei clade we find a more conservative pattern of chromosomal diversification (three known chromosomal races) while the levels of sequence divergence are much higher then in the F. micklemi clade. Our results suggest that chromosomal changes may drive phyletic divergence and, eventually, speciation. The observed cladogenetic events during the Plio-Pleistocene within the F. mechowii, F. whytei, F. damarensis and F. micklemi clades appear to coincide with climatically mediated speciation bursts in other savannah dwelling mammals, including hominids. Based on the molecular data presented, combined with morphological and chromosomal data, the taxonomic implication seems to be that Fukomys may contain several (undescribed) cryptic species.

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