Are lay people lumpers or splitters? The factor structure of, and sex differences related to, self-rated and other-rated abilities

Gender differences in estimates of reversal motivational intelligences for self and others: A replication in Brazil

“…Previous studies conducted in Angola, East Timor, and Portugal evidenced one factor (Neto et al, 2009;2016;in press). This finding is not in line with a great number of past studies which tend to evidence either two or three factors depending on which multiple intelligences were examined (e.g., Furnham, 2004).…”

A functional look at goal orientations: Their role for self-estimates of intelligence and performance

“…Ackerman & Wolman, 2007). Chamorro-Premuzic and Furnham (2004) recently suggested a model summarizing prior research findings on the relationship of personality and intelligence and suggest that stable individual differences "influence people's insight into their intellectual abilities, for their estimations are likely to be affected by nonability factors" (Chamorro-Premuzic & Furnham, 2004, p. 256). On the other hand, also research on goals have provided support that achievement goals serve as predictors of motivational constructs in terms of self-concept variables (e.g., Pajares, Britner, & Valiante, 2000) and also Covington (2000) summarized research findings in support of the postulated chain of goals -cognitions -and performance.…”

“…In line with a frequently used one-item measure in this research field (cf. Furnham, 2004), participants were given a description of the CFT intelligence test and a normal distribution graph with details on raw (mean ± 3 standard deviations) and percentage values (percentile ranks) of test scores. Labels were provided for three different intelligence levels (below average, average, above average).…”

Learning styles and approaches to learning.

“…Various multiple intelligence theories have extensively and in detail critiqued, lay perceptions of multiple intelligences have been investigated by many ( Furnham, 2004 ). Gottfredson (2003aGottfredson ( , 2003b, for example, questioned the evidence for Sternberg et al ' s (2000) multiple intelligence theory (which Gottfredson called practical intelligence theory ).…”