Are International Anthropometric Standards Appropriate for Developing Countries?

Kow, F; Geissler, Catherine; Balasubramaniam, E.

doi:10.1093/tropej/37.1.37

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Data were double-entered into Epi-Info software (version 6.04c; CDC, USA) and wt/age, height for age (ht/age) and weight for height (wt/ht) data were calculated using Epi-Nut software (version 2.0; CDC, USA), which uses the National Center for Health Statistics reference data (CDC, USA). These reference data are considered suitable for populations of young children from the developing world (Kow et al 1991). Statistical analysis was completed on the statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS, version 8.0; Chicago, IL, USA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

2003

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The aim of the present study was to explore the nature, extent and probable causes of nutritional deficiencies among children with disabilities living in Dharavi, a slum in Mumbai, India. A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate whether the nutritional status of children with disabilities, aged 2 -6 years (n 141), was worse than that of non-disabled sibling controls (n 122) and neighbour controls (n 162). Data on food patterns, anthropometry, micronutrient status and feeding difficulties reported by parents were collected. The mean weight for age of the children with disabilities (2 2·44 (SD 1·39) Z scores; n 120) was significantly lower (P,0·05) compared with the sibling (2 1·70 (SD 1·20) Z scores; n 109) and neighbour (21·83 (SD 1·290) Z scores; n 162) control groups. The children with disabilities had significantly lower (P, 0·05) mean haemoglobin levels (92 (SD 23) g/l; n 134) compared with siblings (102 (SD 18) g/l; n 103) and neighbours (99 (SD 18) g/l; n 153). Relative risk (RR) analysis indicated that the disabled children with feeding difficulties were significantly more likely (P, 0·05) to be malnourished, by the indicator of weight for age (RR 1·1; 95 % CI 1·08, 1·20) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. They were also significantly more likely to be malnourished using the indicators of height for age (RR 1·3; 95 % CI 1·19, 1·43) and weight for height (RR 2·4; 95 % CI 1·78, 3·23) compared with the disabled children without a feeding difficulty. Feeding difficulties were identified as a risk factor for vulnerability to inadequate nutritional status among children with disabilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

2003

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“…The bathroom scale has been recommended for use in older children and adolescents where the beam scale is not available. 21 Subjects…”

Section: Subjects Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Parental Socio-economic Status and Casual Blood Pressure in Coastal Nigerian Adolescents

Ansa¹,

Anah²,

Odey³

et al. 2011

West African Journal of Medicine

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BACKGROUND: Emerging data suggest that essential or primary hypertension occurs in the young. Parental socioeconomic status may play a role but the exact mechanisms still remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at determining the relationship between parental socioeconomic status and casual blood pressure in adolescents. METHODS: One thousand and eight adolescents attending two secondary schools in Calabar, Nigeria were selected by stratified random sampling. Their blood pressure, weights and heights were taken using standard methods and sociodemographic data were obtained using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. RESULTS: Blood pressure was increased with age with males having higher values. The other major determinants of blood pressure were weight, height, body mass index, level of physical activity and parental socioeconomic status (p <0.05). No relationship was established between these determinants as well as dietary habits with parental socioeconomic status (p > 0.05). Female adolescents with parents in the lower socioeconomic classes had significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.05). In contrast, parental socioeconomic status showed no significant relationship with systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure in males (p >0.05).The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was higher in females than in males. CONCLUSION: Low parental socioeconomic status appear to be associated with higher casual blood pressure especially in female coastal Nigerian adolescents. Traditional determinants did not appear to play a significant role. Psychological stress arising from environmental and economic stressors may be responsible. WAJM 2010; 29(3): 146-152.

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“…Following birth however, energy tends to be the limiting nutrient for early growth and development (Wells et al, 1993), and there is little evidence of micronutrient intakes restricting growth (Allen, 1994). Studies of human infants indicate that optimal growth is a good proxy for general "tness (Kow et al, 1991), while poor early growth is of course directly related to the outcome of interest, adult size. These facts indicate that the trigger for selective male mortality is likely to be general malnutrition, especially after birth, but the causes of this malnutrition are several, and vary with age of the o!spring.…”

Section: Triggering the Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Selection and Sex Differences in Morbidity and Mortality in Early Life

Wells¹

2000

Journal of Theoretical Biology

325

239

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Are International Anthropometric Standards Appropriate for Developing Countries?

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

Feeding difficulties in disabled children leads to malnutrition: experience in an Indian slum

Relationship between Parental Socio-economic Status and Casual Blood Pressure in Coastal Nigerian Adolescents

Natural Selection and Sex Differences in Morbidity and Mortality in Early Life

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