Are Immigrants Favorably Self-Selected?

Chiswick, Barry R.

doi:10.1257/aer.89.2.181

“…This setup introduces two deterministic sources of utility differences across individuals, both of which originate in an individual's skill level: Individuals with higher skills (more human capital) earn higher wages and have lower effective costs of moving and assimilation. The latter assumption is in line with Chiswick (1999), who argues that the high-skilled can handle their migration process more efficiently than the low-skilled. We can thus formulate one migration function for each skill group by complete analogy to equation (14).…”

Section: Skill Structure Of Immigration Flowssupporting

confidence: 73%

“…18 For both models, our sample comprises the 55 most important migrant-sending countries, which are listed in table A.2 in the appendix. 19 …”

Section: Estimation Strategy and Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…See http://www.ine.es/daco/daco42/codmun/cod provincia.htm and http://www.ine.es/ daco/daco42/codmun/cod ccaa.htm (both accessed on 04/17/2012) for a list of provinces and regions, respectively. 19 The 55 most important migrant-sending countries are those with an ethnic community in Spain of at least 630 migrants in the year 1996. 20 An alternative approach would be to estimate the fixed effects by including a dummy variable for each origin country i.…”

Section: Scale Of Immigration Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many OECD countries are primarily interested in high-skilled immigrants who are trained in specific fields, such as engineering or medical sciences. Chiswick (1999) argues that high-skilled individuals have lower effective costs of migration than low-skilled individuals, which opens up the possibility for migrants to be positively selected in terms of their skills. 2 At the same time, through its impact on migration costs, the family and friends effect could bias the skill structure of immigration towards the low-skilled individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Networks and Selection in International Migration to Spain

Neubecker

¹

,

Smolka

²

,

Steinbacher

³

2013

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in University of Tübingen ANNE STEINBACHER ♯ University of Tübingen May 2012Abstract This paper analyzes the role of ethnic communities in shaping the recent immigration boom to Spain. We find that ethnic communities exerted a strong positive effect on the scale and a strong negative effect on the skill structure of this immigration. Unlike previous studies, we explicitly acknowledge similarities among final migration destinations and thus partly relax the independence of irrelevant alternatives assumption. We strengthen our causal interpretation by controlling for observed and unobserved heterogeneity in bilateral migration costs, and by adopting an instrumental variables approach. Our results suggest that previous estimates of the scale effect are upward-biased by approximately 50%.

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“…Essa divisão entre os brasileiros fundamenta-se no pressuposto de que as pessoas que migram têm características próprias que as diferem dos não migrantes. Estou falando da "autosseletividade positiva", isto é, da ideia de que migrantes teriam características diferenciadoras; em geral, seriam pessoas mais ambiciosas, criativas, trabalhadoras, competitivas, jovens e educadas do que indivíduos que escolhem permanecer em seus lugares de origem 12 , como sugerem os estudos de Chiswick (1999) A partir dessa ideia, pressuponho que os brasileiros migrantes internos são, em geral, diferentes dos brasileiros não migrantes, aproximando-se das características dos imigrantes internacionais. Dessa forma, infiro que as diferenças entre os imigrantes internacionais e os brasileiros não migrantes sejam maiores do que as diferenças entre eles e os brasileiros migrantes, tanto no que se refere às características pessoais quanto em relação à situação no mercado de trabalho, o que supostamente acarretaria diferenças em termos de rendimentos e de status socioeconômico ocupacional.…”

Section: Os Dados E Os Modelos De Análiseunclassified

Desigualdade e discriminação de imigrantes internacionais no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

Vilela

¹

2011

Dados

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From Individual Attitudes towards Migrants to Migration Policy Outcomes: Theory and Evidence

Facchini¹,

Mayda²

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in From Individual Attitudes towards Migrants to Migration Policy Outcomes: Theory and Evidence Giovanni Facchini Anna Maria Mayda D I S C U S S I O N P A P E R S E R I E S ABSTRACT From Individual Attitudes towards Migrants to Migration Policy Outcomes: Theory and Evidence *In democratic societies individual attitudes of voters represent the foundations of policy making. We start by analyzing patterns in public opinion on migration and find that, across countries of different income levels, only a small minority of voters favour more open migration policies. Next we investigate the determinants of voters' preferences towards immigration from a theoretical and empirical point of view. Our analysis supports the role played by economic channels (labour market, welfare state, efficiency gains) using both the 1995 and 2003 rounds of the ISSP survey. The second part of the paper examines how attitudes translate into a migration policy outcome. We consider two alternative politicaleconomy frameworks: the median voter and the interest groups model. On the one hand, the restrictive policies in place across destination countries and the very low fractions of voters favouring immigration are consistent with the median voter framework. At the same time, given the extent of individual-level opposition to immigration that appears in the data, it is somewhat puzzling, in a median-voter perspective, that migration flows take place at all. Interest-groups dynamics have the potential to explain this puzzle. We find evidence from regression analysis supporting both political-economy frameworks.JEL Classification: F22, J61

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Are Immigrants Favorably Self-Selected?

Cited by 577 publications

References 5 publications

Networks and Selection in International Migration to Spain

Networks and Selection in International Migration to Spain

Desigualdade e discriminação de imigrantes internacionais no mercado de trabalho brasileiro

From Individual Attitudes towards Migrants to Migration Policy Outcomes: Theory and Evidence

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