Are cell phones an indicator of personal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers?

Yang, Congqiao; Harris, Shelley A.; Jantunen, Liisa M.; Siddique, Saima; Kubwabo, Cariton; Tsirlin, Dina; Latifovic, Lidija; Fraser, Bruce; St-Jean, Mélissa; Campa, Regina De La; You, Hongyu; Kulka, Ryan; Diamond, Miriam L.

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.021

Cited by 73 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…35 Moreover, BDCIPP levels in our research were lower than those in pregnant women from Shenzhen, China, whereas DPHP, DoCP & DpCP, and BBOEP concentrations were higher than those reported in Shenzhen, China. 36 Similarly, compared with the general population in the USA, 37 Australia, 38 and Canada, 39 BDCIPP and DPHP concentrations in our study were still at relatively low levels. BCIPHIPP levels in our samples were one order of magnitude lower than those in the general population in Australia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Trimester-specific effects of maternal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants on offspring size at birth: A prospective cohort study in China

Luo

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 45%

Trimester-specific effects of maternal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants on offspring size at birth: A prospective cohort study in China

Luo

Liu

et al. 2021

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…implementation plan (accessed through http://chm.pops.int/) there are no immediate actions taken for FRs. Although many of the OPFRs are used in textile, foams and insulation materials, a recent study suggested that handheld electronic devices may also be sources of OPFRs (Yang et al, 2019). This also raises questions about these compounds when they are being re-introduced into recycled products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants in South African indoor dust and cat hair

Brits

Brandsma

Rohwer

et al. 2019

Environmental Pollution

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Flame retardants (FRs), such as brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), are diverse groups of compounds used in various products related to the indoor environment. In this study concentrations of eight polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), two alternative BFRs and ten OPFRs were determined in indoor dust (n ¼ 20) and pet cat hair (n ¼ 11) from South Africa. The OPFRs were the major FRs, contributing to more than 97% of the total FR concentration. The median Ʃ 10 OPFRs concentrations were 44,800 ng/g in freshly collected dust (F-dust), 19,800 ng/g in the dust collected from vacuum cleaner bags (V-dust), and 865 ng/g in cat hair (C-hair). Tris(1-chloro-2propyl) phosphate (TCIPP) was the dominant OPFR in the dust samples with median concentrations of 7,010 ng/g in F-dust and 3,590 ng/g in V-dust. Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) was the dominant OPFR in Chair , with a median concentration of 387 ng/g. The concentrations of Ʃ 8 PBDEs were higher in F-dust than in V-dust. BDE209 was the dominant BFR in all three matrices. Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6tetrabromo-phthalate (BEH-TEBP) and 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (EH-TBB) showed notable contributions to the BFR profile in cat hair. A worst-case dust exposure estimation was performed for all analytes. The estimated TCIPP daily intake through dust ingestion was up to 1,240 ng/kg bw for toddlers. The results indicate that OPFRs are ubiquitous in South African indoor environment. Indoor dust is a major source of human exposure to environmental contaminants. This can for example occur through hand-to-mouth contact of toddlers, and is an important route of exposure to currently used FRs accumulated on dust particles. The presence of FRs, in particular high concentrations of OPFRs, suggests that children and indoor pet cats may have greater exposure to FRs than adults.

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“…Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are synthetic chemicals found in consumer products, including furniture, electronics, plastics, building materials, and processed foods ( Ballesteros-Gómez et al, 2014 ; Bello et al 2018 , 2010 ; Kajiwara et al 2011 ; Poma et al 2017 ; Stapleton et al 2009 ; Wang et al 2017 ; Yang et al 2019 ). National biomonitoring data indicate that exposure to OPEs is widespread in the U.S. general population ( Ospina et al 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and measures of adiposity among U.S. children and adults: NHANES 2013–2014

Boyle

Buckley

Quirós-Alcalá

2019

Environment International

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Background: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are synthetic chemicals found in many consumer products, including furniture, electronics, processed foods, and building materials. Emerging in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that OPEs are metabolism disrupting compounds; however, epidemiologic studies investigating their associations with adiposity markers are sparse. Objective: We examined cross-sectional associations between OPE biomarkers and adiposity measures among U.S. children and adults participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES: 2013–2014). Methods: Concentrations of five OPE metabolites were quantified in urine: diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCPP), bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (BCEP), dibutyl phosphate (DBUP), and bis (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCPP). We conducted covariate-adjusted logistic and linear regressions to examine associations between log 2 -transformed and dichotomized OPE metabolite concentrations and obesity, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC), separately among 784 children (6–19 years) and 1672 adults (≥20 years). We also assessed heterogeneity of associations by sex. Results: DBUP concentrations were inversely associated with the prevalence odds of being obese vs. normal weight in children (adjusted Prevalence Odds Ratio, aPOR: 0.82, 95% Confidence Interval, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.95) and adults (aPOR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.96). DBUP was also significantly associated with lower BMI z-scores (β:−0.08, 95% CI:−0.17, 0.01) and WC (β:−0.71, 95% CI: −1.49, 0.07) in children. BCEP concentrations were associated with increased prevalence odds of being overweight vs. normal weight (aPOR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.32) among children; similar, albeit not statistically significant, relationships were observed with other child adiposity outcomes. Among adults, detectable BCPP concentrations were associated with increased prevalence odds of being obese vs. normal weight (aPOR: 1.70, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.38) and having a high vs. normal WC (aPOR:1.51, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.07) as well as higher BMI (β: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.30, 2.33). Other OPE metabolites were not consistently associated with adiposity measures among adults. Although associations of BCPP exposure with adiposity outcomes were generally inverse among boys, but not girls, we did not observe consistent evidence of sexually-dimorphic associations for other OPE metabolites. Conclusions: Exposure to select OPEs may be differentially associated with body size among children and adults. Given the cross-sectional design of the present study, future prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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Are cell phones an indicator of personal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and plasticizers?

Cited by 73 publications

References 78 publications

Trimester-specific effects of maternal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants on offspring size at birth: A prospective cohort study in China

Trimester-specific effects of maternal exposure to organophosphate flame retardants on offspring size at birth: A prospective cohort study in China

Brominated and organophosphorus flame retardants in South African indoor dust and cat hair

Associations between urinary organophosphate ester metabolites and measures of adiposity among U.S. children and adults: NHANES 2013–2014

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