Are Anesthesia and Surgery During Infancy Associated With Altered Academic Performance During Childhood?

Block, Robert I.; Thomas, Joss J.; Bayman, Emine O.; Choi, James; Kimble, Karolie K.; Todd, Michael M.

doi:10.1097/sa.0b013e318287d938

Cited by 26 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Anaesthetic drugs can cause histopathological changes in the developing brains of animals consistent with neurodegeneration, , associated with a subsequent decreased capacity to retain learned behaviours . However, clinical research on whether early childhood exposure to anaesthetic drugs can contribute to intellectual or learning disabilities in children has been far from conclusive with some retrospective studies showing associations , whereas some did not .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental perception on the effects of early exposure to anaesthesia on neurodevelopment

2018

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Summary Several studies have investigated the effects of general anaesthesia on neurodevelopment in children, with conflicting results. The potential for early general anaesthesia exposure to impact neurodevelopment in children may cause significant concern for parents. Administering a questionnaire in 200 parents, we aimed to explore their knowledge, concerns and perceptions, and determine factors which influence parents’ willingness for their children to participate in relevant research studies. A significant proportion of parents (40%) were concerned that general anaesthesia may affect their child's neurodevelopment. Generally these concerns arose from the parents’ own beliefs or preconceived ideas and only 25.5% had encountered prior information in this domain. Parents with children aged 2 years or younger, those whose children had previous general anaesthesia exposure, and those who had encountered information about potential neurodevelopmental effects were most likely to be concerned. The majority of parents (68%) would agree to participate in research studies, especially if they were able to receive the test results. Anaesthetists should pre‐emptively initiate discussions to address any potential misconceptions regarding the effects of general anaesthesia on neurodevelopment in children.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental perception on the effects of early exposure to anaesthesia on neurodevelopment

2018

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“…The primary region of interest was selected based on prior work demonstrating different BOLD activation in these areas in children with prenatal ethanol exposure . Classroom performance has been shown to be negatively associated with early exposure to general anesthesia and surgery . Children with multiple early exposures to general anesthesia are at increased risk of ADHD, with a hazards ratio of 1.95 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of functional magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with and without a history of early exposure to general anesthesia

Taghon

Masunga

Small

et al. 2015

Pediatric Anesthesia

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Early anesthetic exposure and surgery did not affect accuracy, response time, or activation patterns in the primary region of interest during performance of the task. Intergroup differences in activation patterns in other areas of the brain were observed, and the significance of these findings is unknown. fMRI appears to be a useful tool in evaluating the long-term effects of early exposure to general anesthesia.

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“…When compared to unexposed children those exposed to anesthesia had some language and motor deficits but their academic achievement scores were similar. This highlighted the importance of outcome measures when interpreting studies of cognitive outcomes …”

Section: Human/translational Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Heart Disease: The Role of Anesthesia and Sedation

Char

Ramamoorthy

Wise‐Faberowski

2016

Congenital Heart Disease

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As physicians and caregivers of children with congenital heart disease, we are aware of the increasing need for procedures requiring anesthesia. While these procedures may be ideal for medical and cardiac surgical management, the risks and benefits must be assessed carefully. There are well known risks of cardiovascular and respiratory complications from anesthesia and sedation and a potentially under-appreciated risk of neurocognitive dysfunction. Both animal and human studies support the detrimental effects of repeated anesthetic exposure on the developing brain. Although the studies in humans are less convincing of this risk, the Society of Pediatric Anesthesia jointly with SmartTots provided a consensus statement on the use of anesthetic and sedative drugs in infants and toddlers when speaking to families. (www.pedsanesthesia.org; http://smarttots.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/ConsensusStatementV910.5.2015.pdf). An excerpt of the statement is "Concerns regarding the unknown risk of anesthetic exposure to your child's brain development must be weighed against the potential harm associated with cancelling or delaying a needed procedure. Each child's care must be evaluated individually based on age, type, and urgency of the procedure and other health factors. This review provides a summary of the current evidence regarding anesthesia-induced neurotoxicity and the developing brain and its implications for children with congenital heart disease.

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Are Anesthesia and Surgery During Infancy Associated With Altered Academic Performance During Childhood?

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Parental perception on the effects of early exposure to anaesthesia on neurodevelopment

Parental perception on the effects of early exposure to anaesthesia on neurodevelopment

A comparison of functional magnetic resonance imaging findings in children with and without a history of early exposure to general anesthesia

Cognitive Dysfunction in Children with Heart Disease: The Role of Anesthesia and Sedation

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