Are adolescents chronically sleep‐deprived? An investigation of sleep habits of adolescents in the Southwest of Germany

Abstract

The main hypothesis that students sleep on average considerably less than the recommended 9 h during weekdays was confirmed. Bedtimes changed throughout the week with the latest on Friday and Saturday nights and the least sleep around midweek. There were no significant group differences regarding school type and environment (rural vs. urban). Interestingly, the majority reported only little daytime sleepiness and no impaired performance. Results regarding the consequences of chronic sleep deprivation in the literature are inconclusive. The impact on physiological parameters, especially metabolic functions, requires further investigations.

Duração do sono em adolescentes de diferentes níveis socioeconômicos

“…Embora não se saiba, com precisão, qual a necessidade média tabela 2. Razões de prevalências (RP) utilizando-se como variável dependente 8 ou menos horas de sono nos dias com aula de sono na adolescência, muitos jovens necessitam mais de 9 horas de sono 25,26 .…”

Sonolência diurna excessiva em adolescentes: prevalência e fatores associados

“…Com exceção dos estudos de Saarenpää-Heikkilä et al (18) e de Thorleifsdottir et al (15) , todos os trabalhos apresentaram desenho transversal. Na Tabela 1 encontra-se a síntese dos principais estudos analisados (3,5,7,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28) . As escalas de sonolência Epworth Sleepiness Scale e a School Sleep Habits Survey foram as mais utilizadas para análise da sonolência diurna excessiva.…”

“…No estudo de Loessl et al (28) menos de nove horas de sono foi um fator associado a altos níveis de sonolência diurna excessiva. Já para Joo et al (2) , um dos principais fatores associados foi a insuficiência de sono percebida, mas o tempo total de sono foi semelhante nos jovens com e sem sonolência diurna excessiva, o que indica uma ausência de proteção desse fator.…”

Insufficient Sleep in Adolescents and Young Adults: An Update on Causes and Consequences

“…4,7,8,15,16 Comparisons with other countries show similar patterns of decreased sleep durations with increasing age among adolescents. For example, in Northern Taiwan, 5 Germany, 14 and India, 17 average sleep duration dropped to below 8 hours for high school-aged students. The most precipitous drop was reported in 2005 for more than 1400 South Korean adolescents, for whom the average duration of sleep was 4.9 hours.…”

“…It is important to note that studies comparing selfreported sleep duration with objectively measured sleep amounts (ie, with actigraphy) suggest that self-reports of sleep often overestimate actual sleep duration, signifying that the problem of chronic sleep loss in adolescents may be even greater than the data indicate. 12 US-based 4,13 and international studies 5,6,14 revealed that as students get older, sleep durations decline. The National Sleep Foundation Sleep in America Poll 4 found that by the 12th grade, 75% of students self-reported sleep durations of less than 8 hours of sleep per night compared with 16% of sixth graders.…”