Arctic Climate Change, Economy and Society (ACCESS): Integrated perspectives

Crépin, Anne‐Sophie; Kärcher, Michael; Gascard, Jean‐Claude

doi:10.1007/s13280-017-0953-3

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Though, in the authors' point of view, the complex solution to the problems of Arctic development should be associated with the creation of priority development pivot zones in these districts; the implementability of innovative capacity of the territory should be the most crucial issue in such zones. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] In order to perform this task, it is necessary to fulfil a set of conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions for the Russian Federation Arctic zone innovative development

et al. 2020

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The article is devoted to the questions concerning the formation of conditions for the implementation of innovative potential of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. A comprehensive solution to the problems of development of the Arctic should be associated with the creation of reference zones of advanced development in the Arctic regions, in which a number of tasks need to be performed. It is necessary to determine the markets of scientific and technical products and technologies as priorities for the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. It is necessary to develop innovative territorial clusters and to create favorable conditions for the development of innovative activities, both large companies and small businesses; to stimulate private investment in the economy of the Arctic regions; to create special economic zones in the Administrative centers of the regions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions for the Russian Federation Arctic zone innovative development

et al. 2020

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“…We can seriously predict a quasi disappearance of the Arctic sea ice in summer during the coming decades. Undoubtedly this is a major event that will deeply affect marine and terrestrial ecosystems (Lawrence et al 2008), weather conditions in the northern hemisphere (Overland and Wang [2010]) and strongly impacting human activities globally (Crepin et al [2017]).…”

Section: / Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid decline of Arctic sea ice volume: Causes and consequences

Gascard

Zhang

Rafizadeh

2019

Preprint

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Abstract. The drastic reduction of the Arctic sea ice over the past 40 years is the most glaring evidence of climate change on Planet Earth. Among all the variables characterizing sea ice, the sea ice volume is by far the most sensitive one for climate change since it is decaying at the highest rate compared to sea ice extent and sea ice thickness. In 40 years the Arctic Ocean has lost about 3/4 of its sea ice volume at the end of the summer season corresponding to a reduction of both sea ice extent and sea ice thickness by half on average. From more than 16 000 km3, 40 years ago, the Arctic sea ice summer minimum dropped down to less than 4000 km3 during the most recent summers. Being a combination of Arctic sea ice extent and sea ice thickness, the Arctic sea ice volume is difficult to observe directly and accurately. We estimated cumulative Freezing-Degree Days (FDD) over a 9 month freezing time period (September to May each year) based on ERA Interim surface air temperature reanalysis over the whole Arctic Ocean and for the past 38 years. Then we compared the Arctic sea ice volume based on sea ice thickness deduced from cumulative FDD with Arctic sea ice volume estimated from PIOMAS (Pan Arctic Ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System) and from the ESA CRYOSAT-2 satellite. The results are strikingly similar. The warming of the atmosphere is playing an important role in contributing to the Arctic sea ice volume decrease during the whole freezing season (September to May). In addition, the FDD spatial distribution exhibiting a sharp double peak-like feature is reflecting the Multi Y ear Ice (MYI) versus First Year Ice (FYI) dual disposition typical of the Arctic sea ice cover. This is indicative of a significant contribution from the vertical ocean heat fluxes throughout the ice depending on MYI versus FYI distribution and the snow layer on top of it influencing the surface air temperature accordingly. In 2018 the Arctic MYI vanished almost completely for the first time ever over the past 40 years. The quasi complete disappearance of the Arctic sea ice is more likely to happen in summer within the next 15 years with broad consequences for Arctic marine and terrestrial ecosystems, climate and weather patterns on a planetary scale and globally on human activities.

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“…There is a diversity of questions raised by scientists, policy makers and stakeholders in response to a rapidly changing sea ice regime [3,27,49,50]. The suite of science and policy questions confirm the socio-economic potential of sea ice services in their role as a decision support tool for diverse stakeholders.…”

Section: Diversity Of Needs and Prioritiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Four Paradoxes of the User–Provider Interface: A Responsible Innovation Framework for Sea Ice Services

2020

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In the Arctic region, sea ice retreat as a decadal-scale crisis is creating a challenging environment for navigating long-term sustainability. Innovations in sea ice services can help marine users to anticipate sea ice concentration, thickness and motion, plan ahead, as well as increase the safety and sustainability of marine operations. Increasingly however, policy makers and information service providers confront paradoxical decision-making contexts in which contradictory solutions are needed to manage uncertainties across different spatial and temporal scales. This article proposes a forward-looking sea ice services framework that acknowledges four paradoxes pressuring sea ice service provision: the paradoxes of performing, contradictory functions embedded in sea ice services, contradicting desired futures and the paradox of responsible innovation. We draw on the results from a multi-year co-production process of (sub)seasonal sea ice services structured around scoping interviews, workshops and a participatory scenario process with representatives of marine sectors, fishers, hunters, metservice providers, and policy experts. Our proposed framework identifies institutionalized coproduction processes, enhanced decision support, paradoxical thinking and dimensions of responsible innovation as tactics necessary to address existing tensions in sea ice services. We highlight the role of socio-economic scenarios in implementing these tactics in support of responsible innovation in sea ice social–ecological systems. The article concludes with a discussion of questions around equity and responsibility raised by the ultimate confirmation that enhanced information, data infrastructures, and service provisions will not benefit all actors equally.

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Arctic Climate Change, Economy and Society (ACCESS): Integrated perspectives

Cited by 44 publications

References 49 publications

Conditions for the Russian Federation Arctic zone innovative development

Conditions for the Russian Federation Arctic zone innovative development

Rapid decline of Arctic sea ice volume: Causes and consequences

Four Paradoxes of the User–Provider Interface: A Responsible Innovation Framework for Sea Ice Services

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