Archives as Fields of Heritage-Making in Istanbul's Historic Peninsula

Abstract

Heritage-making is a process of valorization carried out using complex exchanges, contestations, and negotiations between various actors. State actors attempt, through various strategies, to employ heritage-making in order to construct a unified heritage discourse and avoid multivocality. One of these strategies is the control of state archives, an approach that seeks to dictate what is accessible and inaccessible and thus to dominate conceptualizations of heritage. This paper discusses how research in state archives sheds light on heritage-making in Istanbul's historic peninsula and how the state's tendency to restrain access reflects the contested nature of Istanbul's heritage. The restriction or denial of archival access becomes a significant component of heritage-making in Turkey, shaped not only by the past but also by the present. Therefore, archives and the practice of archival research become both a tool for the researcher and at the same time a subject worthy of research in and of itself. This paper argues that the attitudes of state institutions and the discourses they adopt in restraining access to archives are in fact objects of enquiry in the understanding of the precise boundaries of their scope of authority and, as such, can provide further insight into the fragmented nature of the state and state archives.

Tutuklu ve Hükümlülerin Çalışmasının Sosyal Güvenlik Hukuku Açısından Değerlendirilmesi

“…5275 sayılı Kanun m. 105/A'da belirtilen kamuya yararlı bir işte çalıştırma yaptırımına denetimli serbestlik müdürlüğü tarafından karar verilmektedir. TCK m.50'de düzenlenen kısa süreli hapis cezasına seçenek yaptırım olan kamu hizmeti cezası yaptırımına mahkeme tarafından verilmektedir 93 .…”

“…Her iki çalışmada da Denetimli Serbestlik Hizmetleri Yönetmeliğinin 50. maddesinde belirtilen iş birliği protokolü ve 52. maddede belirtilen çalışma protokolünün uygulanması ortak noktalarını oluşturmaktadır 94 .…”