Architectural window design and energy efficiency: Impacts on heating, cooling and lighting needs in Finnish climates

Kaasalainen, Tapio; Mäkinen, Antti; Lehtinen, Taru; Moisio, Malin; Vinha, Juha

doi:10.1016/j.jobe.2019.100996

Cited by 40 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This study revealed that an increase in the WWR on the south-side led to an increase in the energy load in summer and a nearly zero demand of heating in winter. In another study reported in [10], in the hot climate of Libya, an increase in the WWR resulted in an increase in the cooling energy in summer and a reduction to nearly zero carbon energy in winter. However, the amount of cooling energy generated by the increase in the WWR was greater than that of the energy saved in winter, which led to the overall increase in the annual energy consumption.…”

Section: Impact Of Window To Wall Ratio (Wwr)mentioning

confidence: 97%

User Thermal Comfort in Historic Buildings: Evaluation of the Potential of Thermal Mass, Orientation, Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation

et al. 2020

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The study investigated the level of thermal comfort in historical buildings located at a relatively high altitude in the Arabian Desert of Saudi Arabia. The study focused on the impact of the use of thermal mass and orientation on the level of thermal performance at Shubra and Boqri Palaces. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were used in this study, including a questionnaire interview with architecture experts living at the relatively high altitude of Taif city, to obtain data and information from local experts. The computer software TAS EDSL was used along with on-site equipment, such as thermal imaging cameras and data loggers, to observe the physical conditions of the building in terms of its thermal performance. The study revealed that the experts’ age and years of experience were important aspects while collecting data from them during the survey. The use of thermal mass had a slight impact on the indoor air temperature as well as the energy consumption, but it helped in providing thermal comfort. Use of ventilation can improve thermal comfort level. Evaporative cooling technique has a considerable impact on reducing indoor air temperature with 4 °C drop, improving the thermal comfort sensation level. The novelty of this work is that, it links the outcomes of qualitative results of experts with field monitoring as well as computer modelling. This can contribute as method to accurately collect data in similar case studies.

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Section: Impact Of Window To Wall Ratio (Wwr)mentioning

confidence: 97%

User Thermal Comfort in Historic Buildings: Evaluation of the Potential of Thermal Mass, Orientation, Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation

et al. 2020

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“…As one of the components of residential facades, windows have many properties [13]. One class of properties influences architectural modeling, including formal properties, color properties, material properties [14], and so on. For example, the facades of kindergartens often use circular windows to show the lively character of these buildings.…”

Section: Literature Review On Residential Window Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity Analysis for Carbon Emissions of Prefabricated Residential Buildings with Window Design Elements

Cui

Banaitienė

et al. 2021

Energies

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Owing to the advantages of high construction efficiency, prefabricated residential buildings have been of increasing interest in recent years. Against the background of global heating, designing low-carbon facades for prefabricated residential buildings has become a focus. The main challenge for this research is in designing windows for prefabricated residential buildings that can lead to the best performance in carbon emissions. The purpose of this paper is to summarize window design advice for prefabricated residential building facades with low-carbon goals. This paper adopts the single control variable research method. Building energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions under different conditions comprise the primary data used in the study. In the process of achieving the research aim, this study firstly extracts the window design elements of prefabricated residential facades. Secondly, objective function formulas are established and a basic model is built for obtaining data. Thirdly, data results are analyzed and window design advice is put forward under the condition of a low-carbon goal. This paper discusses that the optimal window-to-wall ratio (WWR) with a low-carbon orientation is around 0.15, and compares it innovatively with the optimal WWR under an energy-saving orientation at around 0.38. The research results of this paper can deepen the understanding of architectural low-carbon design and play a guiding role for architects.

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“…Kaasalainen et al [27] stated that many previous studies mainly focused on optimising WWR and glazing types. Therefore, several characteristics of the window design, such as its shape (from narrow to wide), the horizontal location on the facade of the building, the length of the external shading element, and the shape of the apartment, were considered in their research in three different climate regions in Finland.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be pointed out that Kaasalainen et al [27] emphasised the importance of investigating several window features in combination with each other. According to the research results, design options that benefit heating energy consumption may also increase cooling energy needs, and vice versa.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Energy Efficiency and Daylight Performance of Windows in Buildings in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

Nadeem

Sharipov

Abzhanov

2021

Green Building & Construction Economics

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The importance of research on sustainable and energy-efficient building design is increasing, considering thathumanity may face a shortage of natural resources as a result of irrational energy use. This article focuses on optimising the window characteristics of the buildings to be constructed in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, in order to improve their energy efficiency and daylight performance. Specifically, simulations were performed with the DesignBuilder software to study the effects of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR), glazing type, shading, and building orientation on the energy performance of the building and the comfort level of the occupants. As a result, triple-pane windows with 10 to 15% WWR oriented mainly to the south were found to have better performance compared to other configurations. However, a life-cycle analysis can be performed to verify its benefits in terms of cost and environmental burden. On the other hand, limitations of the glazed area on each facade may affect the comfort level of the occupants in terms of temperature increases, lack of daylight, and poor ventilation. Thus, a discussion of the simulation results is provided, along with issues that might arise. Suggestions for future studies were also included.

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Architectural window design and energy efficiency: Impacts on heating, cooling and lighting needs in Finnish climates

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

User Thermal Comfort in Historic Buildings: Evaluation of the Potential of Thermal Mass, Orientation, Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation

User Thermal Comfort in Historic Buildings: Evaluation of the Potential of Thermal Mass, Orientation, Evaporative Cooling and Ventilation

Sensitivity Analysis for Carbon Emissions of Prefabricated Residential Buildings with Window Design Elements

Assessing the Energy Efficiency and Daylight Performance of Windows in Buildings in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan

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