Arbuscular Mycorrhizas in Sustainable Soil-Plant Systems

Barea, J. M.; Jeffries, Peter

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-08897-5_23

Cited by 140 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 188 publications

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“…(Also, these chemical groups could enter the root cells, modifying the cell wall and decreasing the As translocation to aerial organs.) [20]; (iii) the AM fungi-plant association immobilizes As in roots, reducing its translocation toward leaves and other plant organs [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices Reduces the Negative Effects of Arsenic on Soybean Plants

Spagnoletti

Lavado

2015

Agronomy

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Arsenic (As) in soils causes several detrimental effects, including death. Arsenic toxicity in soybean plants (Glycine max L.) has been little studied. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) increase the tolerance of host plants to abiotic stress, like As. We investigated the effects of AM fungi on soybean grown in As-contaminated soils. A pot experiment was carried out in a glasshouse, at random with five replications. We applied three levels of As (0, 25, and 50 mg As kg −1 ), inoculated and non-inoculated with the AM fungus Rhizophagus intraradices (N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm.) C. Walker & A. Schüßler. Plant parameters and mycorrhizal colonization were measured. Arsenic in the substrate, roots, and leaves was quantified. Arsenic negatively affected the AM percentage of spore germination and hyphal length. As also affected soybean plants negatively: an extreme treatment caused a reduction of more than 77.47% in aerial biomass, 68.19% in plant height, 78.35% in number of leaves, and 44.96% reduction in root length, and delayed the phenological evolution. Mycorrhizal inoculation improved all of these parameters, and decreased plant As accumulation (from 7.8 mg As kg ). AM inoculation showed potential to reduce As toxicity in contaminated areas. The AM fungi decreased As concentration in plants following different ways: dilution effect, less As intake by roots, and improving soybean tolerance to As.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices Reduces the Negative Effects of Arsenic on Soybean Plants

Spagnoletti

Lavado

2015

Agronomy

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“…There have been several reports on increased disease tolerance of plants to soil-borne pathogens on pre-inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi [4,6,13] . This study reports effectiveness of mycorrhizal fungi to control vascular wilt disease, after the establishment of the pathogen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Resistance in Mycorrhizal Tomato is correlated to Concentration of Jasmonic Acid

Kapoor¹

2008

OnLine J. of Biological Sciences

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Abstract:The study shows that Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are capable of imparting disease tolerance in tomato plants pre-infected with Fusarium Oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici (FOL). Inoculation of tomato seedlings with Glomus Macrocarpum (GM) or Glomus Fasciculatum (GF), 20 days after infection with FOL reduced pathogen spread and disease severity by 75 and 78 %, respectively. The mycorrhizal plants showed increased growth, possessed higher Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase activity (PAL), phenol concentration and foliar trichome density. Upto nine-fold increase in concentration of Jasmonic Acid (JA) was observed in mycorrhizal tomato plants compared to FOL-infected control plants. The increased JA concentration in mycorrhizal plants was concomitant to systemic enhanced defence response measured in terms of increase in PAL activity, concentration of phenols and trichome density in leaves. The above parameters shoFwed strong positive correlation with endogenous level of JA. The results suggest implication of JA in AMF-induced systemic resistance.

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“…In this respect, microbial inoculants can help plants to cope with adverse conditions and arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have an extraordinary importance since they increase nutrient acquisition by the plant as well as resistance to biotic and abiotic stress (Barea and Jeffries, 1995;Barea et al, 2002a, b, c, d). In fact, the symbiosis with AM fungi has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of heavy metal plant tolerance (Hildebrandt et al, 2007) and water stress avoidance (Augé, 2004;RuizLozano and Azcón, 1996;Ruíz-Lozano et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of the Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi and Organic Amendments to Improve Soil Quality and Plant Performance Under Stress Conditions

Medina

Azcón‐Aguilar²

2010

J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr.

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Plant growth is limited in arid and/or contaminated sites due to the adverse conditions coming from heavy metal (HM) contamination and/or water stress. Moreover, soils from these areas are generally characterised by poor soil structure, low water-holding capacity, lack of organic matter and nutrient deficiency. In order to carry out a successful re-afforestation, it is necessary to improve soil quality and the ability of plants species to resist this harsh environment. The symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi has been proposed as one of the mechanisms of plant heavy metal tolerance and water stress avoidance. On the other hand, addition of organic amendments to the soil can reverse degradation of soil properties. Agro-waste residues such as dry olive cake (DOC) and sugar beet waste (SB) supplemented with rock phosphate (RP) can be used as organic amendments after fermentation by Aspergillus niger. The application of A. niger-treated DOC and/or SB to semi-arid soils and/or HM-contaminated soils increased aggregate stability, soil enzymatic activities, water soluble C and water soluble carbohydrates as well as nutrient availability, especially P. AM inoculation, using adapted endophytes, was more efficient with respect to increasing plant nutrition and growth as well as plant tolerance to drought or HM-stress conditions. The combined treatments involving mycorrhiza fungi inoculation and addition of the amendments into the soil can be proposed as a successful revegetation strategy for plant performance in P-deficient soils under semiarid Mediterranean conditions. The beneficial effectiveness of this symbiosis with suitable AM fungi in A. niger-treated agro-waste residue-amended soil can also be regarded as a successful biotechnological tool for reclamation of HM-contaminated soils.

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Arbuscular Mycorrhizas in Sustainable Soil-Plant Systems

Cited by 140 publications

References 188 publications

The Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices Reduces the Negative Effects of Arsenic on Soybean Plants

The Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices Reduces the Negative Effects of Arsenic on Soybean Plants

Induced Resistance in Mycorrhizal Tomato is correlated to Concentration of Jasmonic Acid

Effectiveness of the Application of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi and Organic Amendments to Improve Soil Quality and Plant Performance Under Stress Conditions

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