Induced Resistance in Mycorrhizal Tomato is correlated to Concentration of Jasmonic Acid

Kapoor, Rupam

doi:10.3844/ojbsci.2008.49.56

Cited by 40 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…These findings are consistent with those of a previous study with glasshouse-grown plants, which also found that AMF infection had no influence on M. sexta OS-elicited JA levels (Riedel et al 2008). In contrast to these findings with N. attenuata, an increase in leaf JA levels has been shown for tomato and Artemisia plants after AMF infection (Kapoor 2008;Song et al 2013Song et al , 2014Mandal et al 2014). However, to the best of our knowledge, these are the only species for which increases in leaf JA levels have been reported, while for other species, phytohormone increases were only shown for roots (Hause et al 2002;Isayenkov et al 2005;Stumpe et al 2005); thus, speciesspecific differences cannot be ruled out.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Groten

Nawaz

Nguyen

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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While the biochemical function of calcium and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CCaMK) is well studied, and plants impaired in the expression of CCaMK are known not to be infected by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in glasshouse studies, the whole-plant and ecological consequences of CCaMK silencing are not well understood. Here we show that three independently transformed lines of Nicotiana attenuata plants silenced in CCaMK (irCCaMK) are neither infected by Rhizophagus irregularis in the glasshouse nor by native fungal inoculum in the field. The overall fungal community of field-grown roots did not differ significantly among empty vector (EV) and the transgenic lines, and the bacterial communities only showed minor differences, as revealed by the alpha-diversity parameters of bacterial OTUs, which were higher in EV plants compared with two of the three transformed lines, while beta-diversity parameters did not differ. Furthermore, growth and fitness parameters were similar in the glasshouse and field. Herbivory-inducible and basal levels of salicylic acid, jasmonic acid and abscisic acid did not differ among the genotypes, suggesting that activation of the classical defence pathways are not affected by CCaMK silencing. Based on these results, we conclude that silencing of CCaMK has few, if any, non-target effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…). In contrast to these findings with N. attenuata , an increase in leaf JA levels has been shown for tomato and Artemisia plants after AMF infection (Kapoor ; Song et al . , ; Mandal et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Groten

Nawaz

Nguyen

et al. 2015

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…Castellanos-Morales et al (2012) showed that R. irregularis, F. mosseae, and Gigaspora rosea colonized barley roots to different extents, although the three AMF species reduced similarly root infection by Gaeumannomyces graminis. Several authors have mentioned that high AMF root colonization is not necessary for effective protection against fungal pathogens (Caron et al 1986;García-Garrido and Ocampo 1988;St-Arnaud et al 1997;Kapoor 2008;Castellanos-Morales et al 2012), while others have shown that protection against pathogens is linked to mycorrhizal colonization levels prior to the challenge with the pathogen (Cordier et al 1998;Slezack et al 2000;Khaosaad et al 2006;Fernández et al 2014). Nevertheless, some studies have reported that F. mosseae has a greater bioprotective effect than R. irregularis against pathogens (Pozo et al 2002;Shrinkhala 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Phosphorus supply, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, and plant genotype impact on the protective efficacy of mycorrhizal inoculation against wheat powdery mildew

Mustafa¹,

Randoux²,

Tisserant³

et al. 2016

Mycorrhiza

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A potential alternative strategy to chemical control of plant diseases could be the stimulation of plant defense by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). In the present study, the influence of three parameters (phosphorus supply, mycorrhizal inoculation, and wheat cultivar) on AMF protective efficiency against Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, responsible for powdery mildew, was investigated under controlled conditions. A 5-fold reduction (P/5) in the level of phosphorus supply commonly recommended for wheat in France improved Funneliformis mosseae colonization and promoted protection against B. graminis f. sp. tritici in a more susceptible wheat cultivar. However, a further decrease in P affected plant growth, even under mycorrhizal conditions. Two commercially available AMF inocula (F. mosseae, Solrize®) and one laboratory inoculum (Rhizophagus irregularis) were tested for mycorrhizal development and protection against B. graminis f. sp. tritici of two moderately susceptible and resistant wheat cultivars at P/5. Mycorrhizal levels were the highest with F. mosseae (38 %), followed by R. irregularis (19 %) and Solrize® (SZE, 8 %). On the other hand, the highest protection level against B. graminis f. sp. tritici was obtained with F. mosseae (74 %), followed by SZE (58 %) and R. irregularis (34 %), suggesting that inoculum type rather than mycorrhizal levels determines the protection level of wheat against B. graminis f. sp. tritici. The mycorrhizal protective effect was associated with a reduction in the number of conidia with haustorium and with an accumulation of polyphenolic compounds at B. graminis f. sp. tritici infection sites. Both the moderately susceptible and the most resistant wheat cultivar were protected against B. graminis f. sp. tritici infection by F. mosseae inoculation at P/5, although the underlying mechanisms appear rather different between the two cultivars. This study emphasizes the importance of taking into account the considered parameters when considering the use of AMF as biocontrol agents.

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“…During later stages of symbiosis, five‐ to 14‐fold increases in JA levels have been reported in roots (Hause et al . ) and about nine‐fold increases in shoots (Kapoor ) of AM‐colonised plants. Conversely, mutants or transgenic plants impaired in biosynthesis or signalling of JA or SA show reduced AM colonisation (Riedel et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systemic jasmonic acid modulation in mycorrhizal tomato plants and its role in induced resistance against Alternaria alternata

et al. 2015

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Tomato plants colonised with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus fasciculatum show systemic induced resistance to the foliar pathogen Alternaria alternata, as observed in interactions of other AM-colonised plants with a range of pathogens. The role of jasmonic (JA) and salicylic (SA) acid in expression of this mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR) against A. alternata was studied by measuring: (i) activity of enzymes reported to be involved in their biosynthesis, namely lipoxygenase (LOX) and phenylammonia lyase (PAL); and (ii) levels of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and SA. Transcript abundance of some defence genes associated with JA and SA response pathways were also studied. Both LOX and PAL activity increased twofold in response to pathogen application to control plants. AM-colonised plants had three-fold higher LOX activity compared to control plants, but unlike controls, this did not increase further in response to pathogen application. Higher LOX activity in AM-colonised plants correlated with four-fold higher MeJA in leaves of AM-colonised plants compared to controls. Treatment of plants with the JA biosynthesis inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) led to 50% lower MeJA in both control and AM-colonised plants and correlated with increased susceptibility to A. alternata, suggesting a causal role for JA in expression of MIR against the pathogen. Genes involved in JA biosynthesis (OPR3) and response (COI1) showed six- and 42-fold higher expression, respectively, in leaves of AM-colonised plants compared to controls. AM-colonised plants also showed increased expression of the SA response gene PR1 and that of the wound-inducible polypeptide prosystemin. Our results suggest that the systemic increase in JA in response to AM colonisation plays a key role in expression of MIR against A. alternata.

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Induced Resistance in Mycorrhizal Tomato is correlated to Concentration of Jasmonic Acid

Cited by 40 publications

References 43 publications

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Silencing a key gene of the common symbiosis pathway in Nicotiana attenuata specifically impairs arbuscular mycorrhizal infection without influencing the root‐associated microbiome or plant growth

Phosphorus supply, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal species, and plant genotype impact on the protective efficacy of mycorrhizal inoculation against wheat powdery mildew

Systemic jasmonic acid modulation in mycorrhizal tomato plants and its role in induced resistance against Alternaria alternata

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