Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on serpentine soils: the effect of native fungal communities on different Knautia arvensis ecotypes

Abstract

Serpentine soils represent a unique environment that imposes multiple stresses on vegetation (low Ca/Mg ratios, macronutrient deficiencies, elevated heavy metal concentrations and drought). Under these conditions, a substantial role of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can be anticipated due to its importance for plant nutrition and stress alleviation. We tested whether serpentine and non-serpentine populations of Knautia arvensis (Dipsacaceae) differ in the benefits derived from native AM fungal communities. Four serpentine and four non-serpentine populations were characterised in terms of mycorrhizal colonisation and soil characteristics. The serpentine populations showed significantly lower mycorrhizal colonisation than their non-serpentine counterparts. The mycorrhizal colonisation positively correlated with soil pH, Ca and K concentrations and Ca/Mg ratio. Seedlings from each population were then grown for 3 months in their sterilised native substrates, either uninoculated or reinoculated with native AM fungi. Two serpentine and two non-serpentine populations responded positively to mycorrhizal inoculation, while no significant change in plant growth was observed in the remaining populations. Contrary to our hypothesis, serpentine populations of K. arvensis did not show higher mycorrhizal growth dependence than non-serpentine populations when grown in their native soils and inoculated with native AM fungi.

Albanian violets of the section Melanium, their morphological variability, genetic similarity and their adaptations to serpentine or chalk soils

“…Our previous studies (Słomka et al, 2011b) indicated that V. lutea from either the Vosges or Sudeten mountains were non-mycorrhizal or, at best, poorly colonized. In Albania, all violets examined, except of V. albanica, were strongly mycorrhizal, even at altitudes above 2000 m. The degree of AMF colonization was not increased by stress upon growth in serpentine soil or in culture experiments (Stevanović et al, 2010;Doubková et al, 2011). However, the degree of colonization and arbuscule formation must not be directly correlated with the extent of metabolic activities of the AMF-plant symbiosis.…”

“…In the case of field scabious (Knautia arvensis), serpentine populations showed a significant lower AMF colonization than plants from non-polluted sites (Doubková et al, 2011), although the degree of AMF colonization of a plant does not generally correlate with its fitness above a threshold value of about 20% colonization (Feldmann et al, 2009). Worldwide, some serpentine violets, e.g.…”

Differential elemental uptake in three pseudo-metallophyte C4 grasses in situ in the eastern USA

“…Reduced elemental concentrations in leaves, result from different mechanisms, including the sequestration of most trace elements in the roots, restricting uptake and transport to the shoots (Baker 1981) and influences of soil microbe (Doubková et al 2011). Any such mechanism failed only for Zn at Palmerton because concentrations in leaves are at least ten times higher than in others sites, suggesting a potential break point or critical level of Zn in soil where homeostasis breaks down.…”

Serapan Logam Berat oleh Fungi Mikoriza Arbuskula Lokal pada Nauclea orientalis L. dan Potensial untuk Fitoremediasi Tanah Serpentine

“…Khusus peran fitoremediasi, jenis ini dilaporkan berpotensi sebagai jenis fitoremediasi untuk unsur Fe, Mn, Cu, dan Zn pada konstruksi lahan basah air asam tambang (Tuheteru et al 2016) dan Hg (Ekamawanti et al 2014) (Joner & Leyval 1997;Tseng et al 2009;Redon et al 2009; Andrade et al 2009), mengurangi (Vivas et al 2005;Amir et al 2013;Husna et al 2016) serta tidak ada pengaruh (Galli et al 1995) (Guo et al 1996), pucuk Trifolium repens (Vivas et al 2006), akar Costularia comosa (Lagrange et al 2011, Knautia arvensis (Doubková et al 2011), dan Alpitonia neocaledonica dan Cloezia artensis …”