Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and mycorrhizal stimulant affect dry matter and nutrient accumulation in bean and soybean plants1

Abstract

The adoption of biological resources in agriculture may allow less dependence and better use of finite resources. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi native to the Brazilian Savannah associated with the application of mycorrhizal stimulant (7-hydroxy, 4'-methoxy-isoflavone), in the early growth of common bean and soybean. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a completely randomized design, with a 7 x 2 factorial arrangement, consisting of five arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi species, joint inoculation (junction of all species in equal proportions) and native fungi (without inoculation), in the presence and absence of stimulant. The following traits were evaluated: shoot dry matter, root dry matter, mycorrhizal colonization, nodules dry matter and accumulation of calcium, zinc and phosphorus in the shoot dry matter. The increase provided by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and the use of stimulant reached over 200 % in bean and over 80 % in soybean plants. The fungi Acaulospora scrobiculata, Dentiscutata heterogama, Gigaspora margarita and Rhizophagus clarus, for bean, and Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Dentiscutata heterogama, Rhizophagus clarus and the joint inoculation, for soybean, increased the dry matter and nutrients accumulation.

Steel slag and phosphate nutrition of corn inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

“…In general, regardless of the type of corrective applied, mycorrhization stimulated plant development, reflecting in higher leaf area, SDM, plant height, stem diameter, and RDM values than uninoculated plants. When AMF associates with roots, they function as extensions of the root system, increasing the capacity of the plants to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, especially those of low mobility, such as P (Hausmann & Hawkes, 2009;Smith & Smith, 2011;Liu et al, 2016;Salgado et al, 2016). This effect is evidenced in the present study since the contribution of the AMF to plant development occurred up to the P dose of 213 mg dm -3 .…”

Spore reproduction, glomalin content, and maize growth on mycorrhizal pot culture using acid mineral soil-based media

“…Notably, all treatments that indicated the highest plant fresh and dry weights did not always exhibit the highest content of chlorophyll and P concentration. Functional contributions to other plant nutrition by mycorrhizal resulted in the high plant growth, and these potential contributions were not covered in the plant growth variables in this study; for example, the influences of AM in increasing the uptake of other nutrients, such as N (Zhu et al, 2016), Ca and Zn (Salgado et al, 2016), andMg (Zare-Maivan et al, 2017), as well as Mn, Cu, and Zn (Lombardo et al, 2021), and some other benefits of AM.…”

“…AM inoculum has been commonly applied in the forms of spores (Salgado et al, 2016), infected root fragments and/or pot/trap culture containing sand and infected roots (El Maaloum et al, 2020), extramatrical hyphae (Friese & Allen, 1991;He et al, 2020), soil mixed with AM spore propagules and fungal hyphae (Suri & Choudhary, 2013; , AM culture mixed with fine sand (Laxminarayana, 2016), and commercial inoculum containing propagules (spores, mycelium, and colonized root fragments in zeolite as medium) (Lopes et al, 2022;Lopes et al, 2021). Many studies have reported the utilization of AM inoculum to improve plant growth and yield.…”

Eficiência simbiótica de fungos micorrízicos arbusculares do cerrado maranhense associados à cultura do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) WALP.)

“…No Maranhão o bioma Cerrado, representa mais da metade de todos os biomas existentes no Estado, por possuir excepcional riqueza biológica, o Cerrado, ao lado da Mata Atlântica, é considerado um dos "hotspots" mundiais, ou seja, um dos biomas mais ricos e ameaçados do planeta (Silva Junior et al, 2018) Contudo, alguns tipos de solos do cerrado, como os latossolos, apresentam limitações no que diz respeito a sua utilizacão para o cultivo de plantações, como as do feijoeiro, em virtude da restrição hídrica acentuada resultante dos elevados períodos de seca (Salgado et al, 2016) e do intenso grau de intemperização, resultando em alta saturação de alumínio e baixa fertilidade natural, sobretudo o fósforo, que em certas condições tem baixa mobilidade (Martins, 2014). Ele é absorvido sob forma de fosfato, todavia possui pouca mobilidade, devido a serem íons grandes e eletronegativos, fato esse que corrobora para sua intensa interação com argilominerais e óxidos de ferro e cálcio, tornando-o pouco disponível as plantas (Santos et al, 2016).…”