Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Crop Improvement under Environmental Stress

Ahanger, Mohammad Abass; Hashem, Abeer; Abd_Allah, Elsayed Fathi; Ahmad, Parvaiz

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800875-1.00003-x

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 242 publications

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“…Among the various environmental constraints salinity has stern effects on plant growth and development (Ahanger et al, 2014). All over the world, particularly in arid and semiarid regions salinity is one of the important problems and is increasing day by day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) are among the various intricate antioxidant enzymes which carry scavenging of ROS so as to protect cells from the oxidative damage. In addition to this another strategy adopted for ameliorating the deleterious impact of salinity involves accumulation of compatible organic osmolytes (Ahanger et al, 2014). Accumulation of free proline, sugars and amino acids help plants in bringing osmoregulation so that water content of the cell can be maintained.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Hashem

Allah

Egamberdieva

2015

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The aim of present study was to examine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activity and some key physio-biochemical attributes in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) subjected to salt stress. Salt stress (200 mM NaCl) reduced growth, biomass, relative water content and chlorophyll pigment content in cowpea leaves. AMF ameliorated the negative impact of salinity on the growth parameters studied. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione reductase (GR) enhanced under salt stress and AMF inoculation further enhanced their activity, thus strengthening the plant's defense system. Proline content increased in salt stressed plants as well as AMF-inoculated plants providing efficient protection against salt stress. Besides this AMF also increased uptake of mineral elements which have direct impact on the osmoregulation of the plants. The present study shows that AMF possesses the potential to enhance salt tolerance of cowpea.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Hashem

Allah

Egamberdieva

2015

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“…Most of the plants form symbiotic associations with the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). AMF improves host plant growth by enhancing the rhizospheric soil characteristics (Asghari et al 2005;Ahanger et al 2014a;Hodge & Storer 2015) and enhances mobilization and uptake of several essential elements by modifying root architecture (Wu et al 2010;Ahanger et al 2014a;Hameed et al 2014;Hodge & Storer 2015). AMF has been reported to alleviate the salt stress in plants through various mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhances salinity tolerance ofPanicum turgidumForssk by altering photosynthetic and antioxidant pathways

Hashem

Abd_Allah

Alqarawi

et al. 2015

Journal of Plant Interactions

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131

101

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Present experiments were conducted to assess the response of Panicum turgidum to salinity and possible role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in enhancing the salt tolerance. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR) and compatible solutes were increased by salt stress and were further enhanced by AMF inoculation. Hydrogen peroxide and malonaldehyde content increased in salt-stressed plants while a reduction was observed due to AMF inoculation. Salt-stressed plants showed higher activities of pyruvate orthophosphate dikinase (PPDK), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) and malate dehydrogenase as compared to control and AMF-inoculated plants. Salt stress caused significant decrease in phosphorous, potassium and calcium uptake but an increase in sodium uptake was observed. AMF alleviate salinityinduced negative impact on the plant growth and nutrient uptake by reducing the oxidative damage through strengthening of the antioxidant system.

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“…The use of plant growth promoting microorganisms as a useful and practical way to ameliorate salinity stress has received much attention in recent years. Among the plant growth promoting microorganisms, the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in improving soil structure and alleviating salinity stress is well established (Ahanger et al 2014). Mycorrhizal associations are widely recorded in saline soils and are able to utilize water and mineral salts more efficiently than roots of plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance growth, physiological parameters and yield of salt stressed Phaseolus mungo (L.) Hepper

Sharma

Aggarwal

Yadav

2017

European Journal of Environmental Sciences

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A pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to investigate the effect of two dominant indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, viz. Funneliformis mosseae (F) and Acaulospora laevis (A), on the growth of Phaseolus mungo subjected to salinity levels of 4, 8 and 12 dS m −1 . Mycorrhizal fungi alone and in combination improved the growth of the plants at all the salinity levels over that of the untreated control plants. However, a combination of F. mosseae and A. laevis resulted in maximum root and shoot length, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, protein content, mycorrhization, nodulation, phosphatase activity, phosphorus uptake and yield at the 8 dS m −1 salinity level. Peroxidase activity and electrolyte leakage were minimum at the 8 dS m −1 salinity level due to improved water absorption as a result of the highest mycorrhization occurring at this level of salinity. Nitrogen and potassium uptake decreased with increase in salinity and highest uptake of these nutrient elements was recorded in the treatment with both mycorrhizal fungi at a salinity level of 4 dS m −1 . The results of the present experiment indicate P. mungo inoculated with F. mosseae and A. laevis can be successfully cultivated of at salinity level of 8 dS m −1 . Saline soils with an electrical conductivity of nearly 12 dS m −1 were not suitable for growing this legume.

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Arbuscular Mycorrhiza in Crop Improvement under Environmental Stress

Cited by 70 publications

References 242 publications

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Induction of salt stress tolerance in cowpea [<italic>Vigna unguiculata</italic> (L.) Walp.] by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhances salinity tolerance ofPanicum turgidumForssk by altering photosynthetic and antioxidant pathways

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance growth, physiological parameters and yield of salt stressed Phaseolus mungo (L.) Hepper

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