Arbitrary-Shaped Graphene-Based Planar Sandwich Supercapacitors on One Substrate with Enhanced Flexibility and Integration

Abstract

The emerging smart power source-unitized electronics represent an utmost innovative paradigm requiring dramatic alteration from materials to device assembly and integration. However, traditional power sources with huge bottlenecks on the design and performance cannot keep pace with the revolutionized progress of shape-confirmable integrated circuits. Here, we demonstrate a versatile printable technology to fabricate arbitrary-shaped, printable graphene-based planar sandwich supercapacitors based on the layer-structured film of electrochemically exfoliated graphene as two electrodes and nanosized graphene oxide (lateral size of 100 nm) as a separator on one substrate. These monolithic planar supercapacitors not only possess arbitrary shapes, e.g., rectangle, hollow-square, "A" letter, "1" and "2" numbers, circle, and junction-wire shape, but also exhibit outstanding performance (∼280 F cm), excellent flexibility (no capacitance degradation under different bending states), and applicable scalability, which are far beyond those achieved by conventional technologies. More notably, such planar supercapacitors with superior integration can be readily interconnected in parallel and series, without use of metal interconnects and contacts, to modulate the output current and voltage of modular power sources for designable integrated circuits in various shapes and sizes.

A Wearable Second Skin‐Like Multifunctional Supercapacitor with Vertical Gold Nanowires and Electrochromic Polyaniline

“…In addition, studies of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) indicated PANI led to small changes in equivalent series resistances (ESR) and negligible changes in charge transfer resistance as shown in Figure S8 in the Supporting Information. [49][50][51] Although the thicker PANI coating could deliver higher capacitance, it is in sacrifice of fast charge/discharge rates, due to slower diffusion of ions and charges in the thicker PANI-based electrodes. The areal specific capacitance could achieve 11.76 mF cm −2 at scan rate of 10 mV s −1 while the areal energy density could reach 0.71 µWh cm −2 at power density of 40 µW cm −2 and remain at 0.58 µWh cm −2 at power density of 400 µW cm −2 .…”

Hierarchical ultrathin NiAl layered double hydroxide nanosheet arrays on carbon nanotube paper as advanced hybrid electrode for high performance hybrid capacitors

“…Indeed, there are many papers reporting deposition of active materials on flexible substrates for supercapacitor [30,31]. Specifically, Gao et al developed a cotton-textile-enabled asymmetric supercapacitor in which flower-like CoAl-LDH nanoarrays were grown on activated cotton textiles using a conventional hydrothermal method [32].…”

General Interfacial Self‐Assembly Engineering for Patterning Two‐Dimensional Polymers with Cylindrical Mesopores on Graphene

“…Equivalent series resistance (ESR), including electrolyte and electronic resistances,can be derived from high frequency region on the real axis. [57,58] Also,t his value (2.3 mWh cm À3 ) surpasses those of many recently reported planar MSCs, including onion-like carbon (1.1 mWhcm À3 ), [38] Ni@r-GO@MnO 2 (0.6 mWhcm À3 ), [39] PA NI nanowires (0.78 mWh cm À3 ), [40] and PA Ni/rGO (1.51 mWhcm À3 ), [41] and so on. [54] TheR agone plot in relation to the volumetric energy density and power density of mPPy/rGO-MSCs is shown in Figure 3f.R emarkably,m PPy/rGO-MSCs exhibit high volumetric energy density of 2.3 mWhcm À3 ,which compares well to that of lithium thin film battery (10 mWhcm À3 ), [55,56] and much higher than those of some commercial energy storage devices (Figure 3f).…”