Arachidonic acid metabolism in canine tooth pulps and the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Lessard, George M.; Torabinejad, Mahmoud; Swope, David

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(86)80052-8

Cited by 36 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Other than thrombin, arachidonic acid metabolites also have crucial roles in regulating functions of normal and inflamed dental pulp tissues, including blood flow, vascular permeability, hemostasis, inflammatory response, pain sensation and bone resorption (19,20,31). Elevation of tissue PGEz levels by mechanical and thermal irritation of the pulp and in symptom-atic pulp tissues have been reported (21,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serine protease activity is essential for thrombin‐induced protein synthesis in cultured human dental pulp cells: modulation roles of prostaglandin E₂

Chang

Lan

Chan

et al. 1998

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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Chang MC, Lan WH, Chan CP, Lin CP, Hsieh CC, Jeng JH: Serine protease activity is essential for thrombin‐induced protein synthesis in cultured human dental pulp cells: modulation roles of prostaglandin E2. J Oral Pathol Med 1998; 27: 23–9. © Munksgaard, 1998. Irritations and injuries to the dental pulp usually lead to different degrees of pulpal inflammation. To investigate the roles of thrombin and prostaglandins in the healing and inflammatory processes of dental pulp as well as their effects on pulpal protein synthesis, human dental pulp cell cultures were established and their protein production was measured with or without the presence of exogenous thrombin and prostaglandins. At concentrations of 1–25 U/ml, a‐thrombin increased the protein synthesis to 1.4–2.3 fold over the vehicle control. On the contrary, 0.1 (μg/ml of prostaglandin E] (PGE1 suppressed protein synthesis by 60%. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) also inhibited protein synthesis with an IC50 of 0.4 ug/ml. The stimulatory effects of thrombin (10 U/ml) can be inhibited by antithrombin III (2 U/ml) (a natural thrombin inhibitor) with heparin (2 U/ml), PPACK (D‐Phe‐Pro‐ArgCH2Cl) (20–50 ug/ml) (a serine protease inhibitor), and PGE2 (0.5–1.0 μg/ml). Moreover, TRAP (20–40 μg/ml), a thrombin receptor agonist peptide, also exerted a stimulatory effect (1.21–1.37 fold). In conclusion, thrombin‐induced protein synthesis by pulp cells is dependent on proteolytic activity, but not on binding to receptors. Both PGE1 and PGE2 exert suppressive effects on protein synthesis, indicating that interactions between thrombin and prostaglandins are important in regulating the inflammation, repair and regeneration of pulp tissue following injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serine protease activity is essential for thrombin‐induced protein synthesis in cultured human dental pulp cells: modulation roles of prostaglandin E₂

Chang

Lan

Chan

et al. 1998

J Oral Pathology Medicine

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“…High levels of prostaglandins have been reported to be present in Inflamed dental pulps and periradicular tissues of humans and experimental animals (Cohen et al 1985, Lessard et al 1986, McNicholas et al 1991, Leukotrienes are produced through the 5-Iipoxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid; five metabolites known as leukotriene A4 (LTA4), LTB4, LTC4, LTD4 and LTE4 have been identified through the activation of the 5-Mpo3cygenase pathway of arachidonic acid (Samuelsson 1983), (Fig, 1), In a recent study it was found that the levels of LTB4, a potent chemotactic agent for PMNS and pain mediator, were significantly higher in human periradicular lesions associated with symptoms of pain and swelling than in asymptomatic lesions (Torabinejad et al 1992), Leukotriene C4 together with its metabolites LTD4 and LTE4, formerly known as 'slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis', can be released from mast cells during a type I hypersensitivity reaction (Dahlen et al 1980). As an inflammatory mediator, LTC4 has a vasodilatory action at low concentrations and causes vasoconstriction at very high doses, it also increases vascular permeability and plasma leakage by acting on the endothelial lining of the postcapillary venule (Peck et al 1981, Bisgaard et al 1982, Samuelsson 1983, Soter et al 1983.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of leukotriene C4 in human periradicular lesions

Cotti

Torabinejad

1994

Int Endodontic J

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The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of leukotriene C4 (LTC4), a potent inflammatory mediator, in human symptomatic and asymptomatic periradicular lesions. Periradicular lesions from each of six asymptomatic and symptomatic patients were obtained. Six pulps from unerupted third molars served as the negative controls, six samples of chronically inflamed gingival tissues served as the positive controls. All samples were immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. The concentration of LTC4 was determined by reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography. Representative samples from each group were fixed in formalin, sectioned and stained with haemotoxylin and eosin. The concentrations of LTC4 found in the periradicular lesions were significantly higher than those in uninflamed pulpal tissue (P = 0.027). However, no statistically significant difference was found between the concentration of LTC4 in the periradicular lesions of the symptomatic patients and those found in the asymptomatic patients and in the samples of the chronically inflamed gingival tissue (P > 0.05). This data would suggest that among other inflammatory mediators, LTC4 participates in the pathogenesis of human periradicular lesions.

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“…Regarding the dental pulp, PGE 2 is considered an important modulator of inflammation, because PGE 2 synthesis increases in experimentally inflamed pulps of rats (11)(12)(13) and dogs (14), and PGE 2 levels in pulp blood samples are higher in inflamed pulps than in clinically intact teeth (15). NSAIDs reduce the increase of PGE 2 synthesis and vascular permeability in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated rat incisor pulps (12), which might implicate PGE 2 in the increase of vascular permeability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Expression Analysis of Membrane Transport Proteins in Normal and Lipopolysaccharide-inflamed Rat Dental Pulp

Ohkura

Shigetani

Yoshiba

et al. 2012

Journal of Endodontics

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Arachidonic acid metabolism in canine tooth pulps and the effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Cited by 36 publications

References 10 publications

Serine protease activity is essential for thrombin‐induced protein synthesis in cultured human dental pulp cells: modulation roles of prostaglandin E₂

Serine protease activity is essential for thrombin‐induced protein synthesis in cultured human dental pulp cells: modulation roles of prostaglandin E₂

Detection of leukotriene C4 in human periradicular lesions

Gene Expression Analysis of Membrane Transport Proteins in Normal and Lipopolysaccharide-inflamed Rat Dental Pulp

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