Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells

Abbeele, Pieter Van den; Taminiau, Bernard; Pinheiro, Iris; Duysburgh, Cindy; Jacobs, Heidi; Pijls, Loek; Marzorati, Massimo

doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04611

Cited by 70 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…These authors suggest a protective role of these SCFAs on the intestinal barrier function. These data are in agreement with a recent study showing that Arabinoxylooligosaccharides and inulin modulate the gut barrier function and immune response ( Van den Abbeele et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of fermentation products of prebiotic fibres on gut barrier and immune functions in vitro

Pham¹,

Seifert²,

Richard³

et al. 2018

PeerJ

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The beneficial effects of prebiotic fibres on human health have been related to their capacities to alter the gut microbiota and modify the growth of beneficial microorganisms. It is long appreciated that bacterial metabolites affect the host’s physiology. The inner lining of the intestinal tract is the first level of interaction between the host and bacteria and their metabolites. Therefore, we set out to test the effects of five common dietary fibres (oat β-glucan 28%; oat β-glucan 94%; dried chicory root containing inulin 75%; xylo-oligosaccharide; inulin 90%) and maltodextrin, after fermentation by human gut microbiota in vitro, on measures of gut barrier integrity using a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture as well as mucus production and immune parameters using HT29-MTX and HT29 cell models, respectively. Our data show that all fibres, fermentation products increased the tightness of the gut barrier with oat β-glucan 28% having the largest effect. Fermentation supernatants were tested also in models of the compromised gut barrier (leaky gut). After the addition of ethanol as basolateral stressor, only fermentation supernatant of oat β-glucan 28%, oat β-glucan 94% and maltodextrin improved the gut barrier integrity, while oat β-glucan 28% and dried chicory root containing inulin 75% significantly improved the gut barrier integrity after addition of rhamnolipids as apical stressor. Using the Luminex Technology, we demonstrated an important role of oat β-glucan fermentation products in modulating cytokine and chemokine productions. Furthermore, treating the goblet cells with effluent from xylo-oligosaccharide fermentation significantly increased mucus production. In summary, our data emphasize the potential positive effects of fermentation supernatant of dietary fibres on gut-related physiological outcomes and show that prebiotic fibres may have promising potential to induce specific gut health benefits.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The effects of fermentation products of prebiotic fibres on gut barrier and immune functions in vitro

Pham¹,

Seifert²,

Richard³

et al. 2018

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Specific bacteria were found to be heavily influenced by inulin across multiple luminal regions. For instance, some well-known fermenters such as Butyrivibrio and Prevotella are thought to improve intestinal health and have shown an increased level in pigs fed with inulin [38][39][40]. Our results suggest that Faecalibacterium is more abundant in cecum and colon of inulin-fed pigs than con-fed pigs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Bioregional Alterations in Gut Microbiome Contribute to the Plasma Metabolomic Changes in Pigs Fed with Inulin

Zhang

Xia

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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Inulin (INU) is a non-digestible carbohydrate, known for its beneficial properties in metabolic disorders. However, whether and how gut microbiota in its regulation contributes to host metabolism has yet to be investigated. We conduct this study to examine the possible associations between the gut microbiota and circulating gut microbiota–host co-metabolites induced by inulin interventions. Plasma and intestinal site samples were collected from the pigs that have consumed inulin diet for 60 days. High-throughput sequencing was adopted for microbial composition, and the GC-TOF-MS-based metabolomics were used to characterize featured plasma metabolites upon inulin intervention. Integrated multi-omics analyses were carried out to establish microbiota–host interaction. Inulin consumption decreased the total cholesterol (p = 0.04) and glucose (p = 0.03) level in serum. Greater β-diversity was observed in the cecum and colon of inulin-fed versus that of control-fed pigs (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in the ileum. In the cecum, 18 genera were altered by inulin, followed by 17 in the colon and 6 in the ileum. Inulin increased propionate, and isobutyrate concentrations but decreased the ratio of acetate to propionate in the cecum, and increased total short fatty acids, valerate, and isobutyrate concentrations in the colon. Metabolomic analysis reveals that indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) was significantly higher, and the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), L-valine, L-isoleucine, and L-leucine are significantly lower in the inulin groups. Mantel test and integrative analysis revealed associations between plasma metabolites (e.g., IPA, BCAA, L-tryptophan) and inulin-responsive cecal microbial genera. These results indicate that the inulin has regional effects on the intestine microbiome in pigs, with the most pronounced effects occurring in the cecum. Moreover, cecum microbiota plays a pivotal role in the modulation of circulating host metabolites upon inulin intervention

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“…Furthermore, the importance of Erysipelotrichaceae in inflammatory responses is highlighted by reports that its abundance has been found to be significantly increased in systemic inflammation in chronic HIV infection 18 , inflammatory bowel disease 19 and colorectal cancer 20 . The main reason for Erysipelotrichaceae affecting immunity might be because specific taxa of Erysipelotrichaceae are highly immunogenic 21,22 . endotoxin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inulin with different degrees of polymerization protects against diet-induced endotoxemia and inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation in mice

Wang

Zhu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

106

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and microbial-dependent metabolites and components driven by inulin on physiological indexes disturbed by a high-fat diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate how inulin with different degrees of polymerization modulated gut microbial ecology and host physiology, including mainly biochemical indicators, glucose metabolism and immunity, as well as to assess whether these microbial changes affect the host phenotype in high-fat diet-fed mice. Results Food intake and body and tissue weight. Food intake in the LC (high-fat diet plus long-chain inulin) group was always higher than that of the other three groups (Fig. 1A). The average food intakes in the NCD (normal chow diet), HFD (high-fat diet), SC (high-fat diet plus short-chain inulin) and LC groups were 18.89, 21.07, 21.76 and 27.36 g/week, respectively. The average weekly food intake in the LC group was significantly higher than that in the HFD and SC groups (p < 0.05), whereas no significant difference was observed between the HFD and NCD groups (Fig. 1B, p > 0.05). The body, liver, epididymal fat, abdominal fat, kidney and pancreas weights at the tenth week in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the NCD group (p < 0.05), whereas there were no significant differences among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 1C,D, p > 0.05). Biochemical indicators and glycemic metabolism. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that a high-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in serum triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared to those in the NCD group (p < 0.05), whereas we observed no significant differences in TG and HDL-C levels among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 1E, p > 0.05). Moreover, lower TC levels were observed in the LC group than in the SC group (Fig. 1E, p < 0.05). Higher blood glucose levels were observed in the SC group than in the HFD group at 30 and 60 minutes after glucose loading, and blood glucose concentrations in the SC group were higher than those in the LC group at 30 minutes (Fig. 2A, p < 0.01). Furthermore, fasting glucose concentrations and glucose tolerance test area under the glucose curve (GTT AUC) in the HFD group were significantly higher than those in the NCD group (Fig. 2A,B, p < 0.05). No significant differences in fasting glucose levels and glucose tolerance test area under the glucose curve (GTT AUC) were observed among the HFD, SC and LC groups (p > 0.05). In parallel, serum insulin analysis demonstrated a significant decrease in the HFD group compared with that in the NCD group (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference among the HFD, SC and LC groups (Fig. 2C, p > 0.05).

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Arabinoxylo-Oligosaccharides and Inulin Impact Inter-Individual Variation on Microbial Metabolism and Composition, Which Immunomodulates Human Cells

Cited by 70 publications

References 68 publications

The effects of fermentation products of prebiotic fibres on gut barrier and immune functions in vitro

The effects of fermentation products of prebiotic fibres on gut barrier and immune functions in vitro

Bioregional Alterations in Gut Microbiome Contribute to the Plasma Metabolomic Changes in Pigs Fed with Inulin

Inulin with different degrees of polymerization protects against diet-induced endotoxemia and inflammation in association with gut microbiota regulation in mice

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