Arabic translation and cross-cultural adaptation of Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5)

Abstract

The aim was to create a Modern Standard Arabic SCAT5 version for different Arabic dialects. This translation and cross-cultural adaptation was performed in eight stages: initial translations, reconciliation of translations and cultural adaptation, back translation, appraisal of back translations, validation of the translation, review and adjustment by reconciliation committee, pretesting in 12 football players and document finalisation. As an alternative to the problematic Months In Reverse Order Test (MIROT) in Arabic, the Serial 3s test (32 Arabic and 30 English participants), the Days of the Week Backwards test (DWBT), and the ‘Adding Serial 3s’ test were tested (30 English and 30 Arabic participants) for accuracy, difficulty and time of completion. The Arabic SCAT5 was similar and comparable to the original English version (7-point Likert scales =< 2). Testing of the pre-final version of the Arabic SCAT5 took 20.4 (SD 3.4) and 17.7 (SD 3.0) minutes respectively to complete and was found acceptable in terms of clarity, understandability, grammatical correctness and coherence. The Arabic Serial 3s test (subtraction version) was unsuitable due to high completion time, low pass rate and high difficulty perception [time = 47.2 (SD 28.0) s; accuracy = 55.2%; difficulty = 3.2 (SD 1.1)]. The Arabic DWBT was too fast and undemanding for concentration testing [time = 4.6 (SD 1.5) s; accuracy = 90%; difficulty = 1.1 (SD 0.3)]. The Adding Serial 3s tests produced similar completion times [18.4 (SD 6.8) vs. 21.1 (SD 5.3), p = 0.088], accuracy (100%) and self-rated difficulty [English = 2.0 (SD 0.7) vs. Arabic-speaking participants = 2.1 (SD 0.8), p = 0.512] and was therefore adopted to replace the MIROT. This culturally adapted Arabic-SCAT5 questionnaire is the first concussion assessment tool available for Arabic-speaking healthcare providers and athletes. Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5). Biol Sport. 2021;38(1):129–144.

Determining Sport Concussion Assessment Tool fifth Edition (SCAT5) reliable change in male professional hockey players

“…Typically, clinicians compare postinjury SCAT5 test data to baseline test data to determine whether a clinically significant change has occurred and then use this information to inform whether a diagnosis of concussion is warranted. Recent data underscore the importance of considering the effects of form order and language-related cultural differences when making such clinical interpretations of neurocognitive test scores 4–7. Additionally, in the absence of reliable change metrics to assist in the determination of clinically significant changes from baseline, clinicians are left having to use subjective judgement to determine whether the change in scores is clinically relevant.…”

Sport-related concussion in soccer –a scoping review of available guidelines and a call for action to FIFA & soccer governing bodies

“…These translations of the SCAT-5 were publicly available on the CISG official website. We have also managed to identify other translations of the SCAT -5, not published by the CISG, that were specifically in Arabic and Swedish ( Holtzhausen et al, 2021 ; Concussion In Sport Group, 2022 ). However, there are also versions of the SCAT-3 tool available in other languages such as Chinese and German ( Yeung et al, 2018 ; Concussion In Sport Group, 2013a , 2013b ) but this version of the SCAT is based on the consensus statement for the 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport, held in 2012 ( Guskiewicz et al, 2013 ).…”

Translation, Cross-cultural Adaptation, and Study of the Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5)

“…In this study, the SCAT5 was cross-culturally adapted for participants in Iran and was translated into Persian. The original SCAT has been previously translated to Japanese, German, Spanish, Chinese, and Arabic versions [11,12]; but, only the Chinese and Arabic versions have been validated.…”