Aquifer configuration and geostructural links control the groundwater quality in thin-bedded carbonate–siliciclastic alternations of the Hainich CZE, central Germany

Kohlhepp, Bernd; Lehmann, Robert; Seeber, Paul; Küsel, Kirsten; Trumbore, Susan E.; Totsche, Kai Uwe

doi:10.5194/hess-21-6091-2017

Cited by 68 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 64 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The medium 14 C-depleted wells H42, H43, and H52 share low-permeable rocks in laying and hanging strata (Lazar et al, 2019) and are therefore most likely cut off from direct surface-derived inputs, resulting in the moderate 14 C values of DOM in the water from these wells. While H53 had similar characteristics to H52 regarding the 14 C of inorganic carbon (Nowak et al, 2017) and major ion composition (Kohlhepp et al, 2017), DOM showed strong 14 C depletion of in H53 relative to H52. The strong 14 C depletion of DOM in H53 supported the indicated ecosystem compartmentalization by Lehmann and Totsche (2019), who described those zones as hydrogeologically isolated within the shallow groundwater flow system.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The distribution of 14 C values between the wells followed more likely the hydrogeological than the stratigraphic layout of the aquifer system. The wells H31 and H51 are both part of the regional main aquifer that is likely well connected to a large recharge area on the Hainich ridge (Kohlhepp et al, 2017). Compared to the overlying minor groundwater resources, inflow of a relatively larger proportion of surfacederived modern carbon contributing to 14 C-enriched DOM in those wells is therefore probable.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Upper Muschelkalk hosts minor groundwater resources in mudstone-rich strata as well as a regional main aquifer in thick bioclastic beds. Flow in the minor groundwater resources (accessed by the wells H32, H42, H43, H52, H53) was characterized as slow and diffusive, taking place in fractures of dense limestones with low primary porosity (Kohlhepp et al, 2017). The fractured to karstified regional main aquifer (accessed by the wells H31, H41, H51) allows for faster flow and surface connectivity.…”

Section: Study Site and Groundwater Sampling For Hr-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fueling Diversity in the Subsurface: Composition and Age of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Critical Zone

et al. 2019

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Surface ecosystems are rapidly changing on a global scale and it is important to understand how this influences aquifers in the subsurface, as groundwater quality is a major concern for future generations. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) contains molecular and isotopic signals from surface-derived inputs as well as from the biotic and abiotic subsurface environment and is therefore ideal to study the connectivity between both environments. We evaluated a 3-year time series of DOM composition using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry and age using 14 C accelerator mass spectrometry along a hillslope well transect in the fractured bedrock of the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory, Germany. We found a wide range of DOM 14 C depletion, from 14 C = −47.9 to 14 C = −782.4, within different zones of the shallow groundwater. The 14 C content of DOM mirrored the connectivity of the aquifers to the surface. The composition of DOM was highly interrelated with its 14 C age. The proportions of surface-derived DOM components decreased with DOM age, whereas microorganismderived DOM components increased. The intensity of surface-sourced DOM signals differed between the wells and likely reflected the hydrological complexity of fracturedrock environments. During recharge, DOM was more enriched in 14 C, contained more surface-derived molecular components and was more diverse. As a potential response to the varying DOM substrate, bacterial 16S rRNA gene analysis revealed community evolution and increased bacterial diversity during recharge. The influx of diverse, surface-derived DOM potentially fueled evolution within the autochthonous bacterial communities, as in contrast to DOM, the bacterial community did not retreat to the initial diversity and community composition during the recession period. Our results demonstrate on the one hand that combined analyses of the composition and age of groundwater DOM strongly contribute to the understanding of interconnections, community evolution and the functioning of subsurface ecosystems and on the other hand that changes in surface ecosystems have an imprint on subsurface ecosystems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Site and Groundwater Sampling For Hr-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fueling Diversity in the Subsurface: Composition and Age of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Critical Zone

et al. 2019

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“…Groundwater was collected in the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (NW Thuringia, Germany), from shallow groundwater resources in Upper Muschelkalk bedrock that has been extensively described (Küsel et al , 2016;Lehmann and Totsche, 2020) . In brief, the Hainich CZE contains a multistorey, fractured aquifer system within the hillslope, composed of altering layers of limestone and mudstone (Kohlhepp et al , 2017) . The Upper-Muschelkalk aquifer system is characterized by the limestone-dominated main aquifer (Trochitenkalk formation, moTK; formerly referred to as the HTL) that is predominantly oxic and the mudstone-dominated hanging strata (including Meissner formation, moM; formerly the HTU) that is anoxic (Kohlhepp et al , 2017) .…”

Section: Sample Collection Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In brief, the Hainich CZE contains a multistorey, fractured aquifer system within the hillslope, composed of altering layers of limestone and mudstone (Kohlhepp et al , 2017) . The Upper-Muschelkalk aquifer system is characterized by the limestone-dominated main aquifer (Trochitenkalk formation, moTK; formerly referred to as the HTL) that is predominantly oxic and the mudstone-dominated hanging strata (including Meissner formation, moM; formerly the HTU) that is anoxic (Kohlhepp et al , 2017) . Groundwater (115 L) was collected from well H52 (moM) on December 11th, 2018 and was sequentially filtered through 0.2 µM, and 0.1 µM PTFE filters (142 mm, Omnipore Membrane, Merck Millipore, Germany).…”

Section: Sample Collection Dna Extractionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of Oxford Nanopore long reads improves all microbial and phage metagenome-assembled genomes from a complex aquifer system

Overholt¹,

Hölzer

Geesink³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Assembling microbial and phage genomes from metagenomes is a powerful and appealing method to understand structure-function relationships in complex environments. In order to compare the recovery of genomes from microorganisms and their phages from groundwater, we generated shotgun metagenomes with Illumina sequencing accompanied by long reads derived from the Oxford Nanopore sequencing platform. A ssembly and metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) metrics for both microbes and viruses were determined from Illumina-only assemblies and a hybrid assembly approach. Strikingly, the hybrid approach more than doubled the number of mid to high-quality MAGs (> 50% completion, < 10% redundancy), generated nearly four-fold more phage genomes, and improved all associated genome metrics relative to

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Spatial variation of grassland canopy affects soil wetting patterns and preferential flow

Demir

Michalzik

Filipzik

et al. 2022

Hydrological Processes

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Canopies shape net precipitation patterns, which are spatially heterogeneous and control soil moisture response to rainfall. The vast majority of studies on canopy water fluxes were conducted in forests. In contrast, grassland canopies are often assumed to be spatially homogeneous, therefore likely not inducing patches of heterogeneity at and below the soil surface. However, some studies on short‐structured vegetation, such as grasslands, proposed the importance of canopy‐induced heterogeneity for net precipitation. Still, systematic investigations on the effects on soil wetting patterns are missing. Therefore, in this study, we investigated soil moisture response to rainfall in a managed temperate grassland by exploring the individual impacts of spatially varying throughfall, vegetation height, and antecedent soil moisture status on the soil wetting patterns. We applied linear mixed effects models to disentangle the role of grassland canopy versus abiotic drivers. The spatial average soil water response showed diminishing water amounts stored in the upper parts of the soil as the growing season progressed and the soils dried, indicating bypass flow. Spatial variation of grass height was a significant driver of soil wetting patterns along with precipitation and antecedent soil moisture status. Soil wetting was suppressed in locations with tall canopies, although surprisingly, this was not directly related to throughfall patterns. Instead, our results suggest that seasonally drier conditions and the spatial difference in grass development amplify fast flow processes. Ultimately, our results confirm that spatial variation of the canopy affects soil moisture wetting patterns not only in forests but indicate a strong influence of preferential flow on soil water patterns in managed grassland as well.

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Aquifer configuration and geostructural links control the groundwater quality in thin-bedded carbonate–siliciclastic alternations of the Hainich CZE, central Germany

Cited by 68 publications

References 64 publications

Fueling Diversity in the Subsurface: Composition and Age of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Critical Zone

Fueling Diversity in the Subsurface: Composition and Age of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Critical Zone

Inclusion of Oxford Nanopore long reads improves all microbial and phage metagenome-assembled genomes from a complex aquifer system

Spatial variation of grassland canopy affects soil wetting patterns and preferential flow

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