Aqueous-phase catalytic hydroxylation of phenol with H₂O₂ by using a copper incorporated apatite nanocatalyst

Abstract

Copper incorporated apatite (Cu-apatite) nanomaterial was prepared by a co-precipitation method.

Investigating the interaction of mitoxantrone with anionic surfactants by spectrofluorimetry and its application for the feasible analysis of pharmaceutical preparation and biological fluids

“…[ 41 ] Hydroxylation of phenolic compounds occurs only in the presence of catalysts. [ 42 ] In the previously mentioned study, CuO was used as catalyst and therefore hydroxylation was not an expected pathway in the present study. Alternatively, degradation may occur through N‐oxide formation as in labetalol hydrochloride (containing two secondary amino groups).…”

A bimetallic synergistic effect on the atomic scale of defect-enriched NiV-layered double hydroxide nanosheets for electrochemical phenol hydroxylation

“…1,2 In chemical industries, the synthesis of HQ is usually achieved in energy-intensive operations by aniline oxidation or the p -diisopropyl benzene oxidation process, which operates under harsh conditions with a complicated process and low conversion and/or selectivity. 3,4 At present, one-step hydroxylation of phenol to HQ is recognized as an effective means to satisfy the increasing demand for green and sustainable chemistry. However, efficient and selective one-step hydroxylation of the arene Csp 2 –H bond in chemical industries remains a challenging issue owing to the conjugated effect.…”

Selective electro-oxidation of phenol to 1,4-hydroquinone employing carbonaceous electrodes: surface modification is the key

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22] But these methods suffer from many disadvantages, including incomplete conversion of the starting material and lack of product selectivity. 23,24 The electrochemical oxidation of phenol and/or similar substrates has been also attempted by several groups employing different electrodes in the presence of some additives. [25][26][27][28] However, along with the poor selectivity and conversion, the formation of unwanted/ unidentifiable side products and electrode surface poisoning as the reaction progresses are the major issues that limit the practicality of electrochemical oxidation of phenol.…”