Aqueous Mg-Ion Battery Based on Polyimide Anode and Prussian Blue Cathode

Abstract

The magnesium-metal battery, which consists of a cathode, a Mg-metal anode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, is a safer and less expensive alternative to the popular Li-ion battery. However, the performance of Mg batteries is greatly limited by the low electrochemical oxidative stability of nonaqueous electrolytes, the slow Mg 2+ diffusion into the cathode, and the irreversibility of Mg striping and plating on the Mg metal anode. Here, we report the first Mg-ion battery using a Mg 2+ aqueous electrolyte, nickel hexacyanoferrate cathode, and polyimide anode. The operation depends on Mg 2+ intercalation−deintercalation at the cathode and reversible enolization at the anode, accompanied by Mg 2+ transport between cathode and anode. The cell exhibits a maximum cell voltage of 1.5 V and a supercapacitor-like high power, and it can be cycled 5000 times. This system points the way to improved Mg-based rechargeable batteries.

High‐Energy‐Density Aqueous Magnesium‐Ion Battery Based on a Carbon‐Coated FeVO4 Anode and a Mg‐OMS‐1 Cathode

“…Li 2 SO 4 0.5 50.0 NaMnO 2 /NaTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 [27] Na 2 SO 4 1.3 30.5 Prussianb lue/polyimide [35] MgSO 4 1.3 45.0 this work MgSO 4 1.8 70.4…”

Recent Progress of Rechargeable Batteries Using Mild Aqueous Electrolytes

“…Recently, researchers turn their attention to AMIBs due to the faster insertion/extraction kinetics of Mg 2+ . Our group proposed a full aqueous Mg‐ion battery based on Prussian blue type nickel hexacyanoferrate (PBN, Na 1.4 Ni 1.3 Fe(CN) 6 ·5H 2 O) cathode, polyimide anode (synthesized from 1,4,5,8‐naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and ethylene diamine), and 1 m MgSO 4 aqueous solution as electrolyte . Na + is extracted from PBN cathode during the first charge process, followed by subsequent cycles involving insertion/extraction of Mg 2+ into PBN open framework without structure destruction.…”

“…The capacity (mAh g −1 ) is calculated based on the total weight of cathode and anode material. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, American Chemical Society.…”

Nanostructured Polypyrrole Composite Aerogels for a Rechargeable Flexible Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery with High Rate Capabilities

“…What is worse is that lithium‐ion batteries have a high risk of explosion due to flammability of organic electrolytes. Therefore, much attention has been paid to rechargeable aqueous batteries with intrinsic nonflammability …”