Aqueous exfoliated graphene by amphiphilic nanocellulose and its application in moisture-responsive foldable actuators

Abstract

Graphene is a promising material for diverse applications, such as in composites, optoelectronics, photovoltaic cells, and energy storage devices.

Applications of Nanocellulose/Nanocarbon Composites: Focus on Biotechnology and Medicine

“…Devices for these purposes include supercapacitors [64,80,130], hydrogen storage devices [131], electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction [132], lithium ion batteries [133], actuators [81], solar steam generators [82] and electric heating membranes [83]. These devices can be based on pure nanocellulose/nanocarbon composites without additives [80][81][82][83]. However, they often contain additives such as manganese oxide (MnO), which contributes to faradaic pseudocapacitance in supercapacitors [130] or polypyrrole, which acts as an insulator, but its oxidized derivatives are good electrical conductors [134].…”

“…In addition to its advantageous combination with nanocarbon materials, nanocellulose is an appealing material for biomedical applications due to its tunable chemical fluorescence and luminescence [26,71,72] photothermal activity [56], hydrolytic stability [61], nanoporous character and high adsorption capacity [49,61]. Nanocellulose/nanocarbon composites can therefore be used in a wide range of industrial and technological applications, such as water purification [22,29,43,49,54,56,61,[73][74][75][76], the isolation and separation of various molecules [22,74,[77][78][79], energy generation, storage and conversion [21,23,44,47,64,[80][81][82][83][84][85], biocatalysis [86], food packaging [67][68][69]87], construction of fire retardants [48], heat spreaders [70] and shape memory devices [38,[88][89][90]. These comp...…”

Ultrasensitive Physical, Bio, and Chemical Sensors Derived from 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐D Nanocellulosic Materials

“…In particular, PEG was used as a plasticizer to improve the ductility of the films. Xu and Hsieh [12] explored the use of CNF as exfoliating agents and surfactants for graphene production from graphite. Afterward, CNF and graphene suspensions were made into nanopapers via vacuum filtration.…”

Multifunctional coatings of exfoliated and reassembled graphite on cellulosic substrates

“…The outstanding properties of graphene and related 2D materials (GRM) have been attracting great attention and they are being explored to create nanomaterials that perform multiple functions in various applications. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Composites are the most common industrial graphene-based products but the quality of commercially available graphene is usually low, compared to the materials obtained in the laboratory. Graphene is often commercially supplied as a powder and it is not possible to expect that <1 nm thin, electroneutral sheets will remain well separated, when they touch each other, due to the omnipresent van der Waals forces.…”