Aqueous electrosynthesis of an electrochromic material based water-soluble EDOT-MeNH2 hydrochloride

Abstract

. (2016). Aqueous electrosynthesis of an electrochromic material based water-soluble EDOT-MeNH2 hydrochloride. Synthetic Metals, 211 147-154. Aqueous electrosynthesis of an electrochromic material based watersoluble EDOT-MeNH2 hydrochlorideAbstract 2'-Aminomethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT-MeNH2) showed unsatisfactory results when its polymerization occurred in organic solvent in our previous report. Therefore, a water-soluble EDOT derivative was designed by using hydrochloric modified EDOT-MeNH2 (EDOT-MeNH2·HCl) and electropolymerized in aqueous solution to form the corresponding polymer with excellent electrochromic properties. Moreover, the polymer was systematically explored, including electrochemical, optical properties and structure characterization. Cyclic voltammetry showed low oxidation potential of EDOT-MeNH2·HCl (0.85 V) in aqueous solution, leading to the facile electrodeposition of uniform the polymer film with outstanding electroactivity. Compared with poly(2′-aminomethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOTMeNH2), poly(2′-aminomethyl-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene salt) (PEDOT-MeNH3 +A-) revealed higher efficiencies (156 cm2 C-1), lower bandgap (1.68 eV), and faster response time (1.4 s). Satisfactory results implied that salinization can not only change the polymerization system, but also adjust the optical absorption, thereby increase the electrochromic properties.

High fluorescent ethyl acrylate modified PEDOT‐MeNH2 with enhanced electrochromic performance

“…After sweeping 1500 cycles, 73.4% and 52.5% of the exchange charge still remained for P1 and P2 , which indicated that P1 was more stable than P2 . Besides, P1 displayed better stability than PEDOT‐MeNH 2 (55.4% after 1500 cycles) but was inferior to PEDOT‐ A − (73.4% after 2000 cycles) . As stable electroactive materials, they will probably find applications in various fields, such as electrochromics, supercapacitors, and electrochemical (bio) sensors.…”

“…Besides, P1 displayed better stability than PEDOT-MeNH 2 (55.4% after 1500 cycles) but was inferior to PEDOT-MeNH 1 3 A 2 (73.4% after 2000 cycles). 24,25 As stable electroactive materials, they will probably find applications in various fields, such as electrochromics, supercapacitors, and electrochemical (bio) sensors.…”

“…Significantly, the substituents not only affect the band gap and solubility of the polymers, but also change the optical properties of these systems, which has been proved by previous results . For example, aminomethyl group functionalized PEDOT (PEDOT‐MeNH 2 ) was designed in our previous work, and the formed films were characterized by enhanced electrochromic performance . Considering the less action of short‐chain on the conjugated polymers, the introduction of long side groups into the main chain could be used to yield more effective conjugated chain lengths due to better solid‐state ordering and more planar structure of polymers, which will improve their quality and properties .…”

“…22,23 For example, aminomethyl group functionalized PEDOT (PEDOT-MeNH 2 ) was designed in our previous work, and the formed films were characterized by enhanced electrochromic performance. 24,25 Considering the less action of short-chain on the conjugated polymers, the introduction of long side groups into the main chain could be used to yield more effective conjugated chain lengths due to better solid-state ordering and more planar structure of polymers, which will improve their quality and properties. 26,27 Among these reported substituents, ethyl acrylate has received great attention recently due to the polymers exhibit many advantages, including stability, adhesion, filmforming ability, etc.…”

Water soluble organic electrochromic materials

“…79 In 2016 the Duan and Xu groups reported on a Type II water soluble PEDOT polymer synthesized from EDOT bearing a methylamine hydrochloride side group (EDOT-CH 2 NH 2 -$HCl). 40 The polymer was synthesized via electrochemical polymerizing using 0.01 M monomer in 1 M HClO 4 aqueous solution (Scheme 11). Films of PEDOT-CH 2 NH 3 + A À (where A À ¼ Stepwise oxidation up to 0.8 V at 0.1 V steps results in a loss of absorption at 603 nm and 555 nm and increased absorption >730 nm with a colour change to blue.…”