Aqueous biphasic systems comprising copolymers and cholinium-based salts or ionic liquids: Insights on the mechanisms responsible for their creation

Green Extraction Strategy Using Bio-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems for Polyphenol Valorization from Grape By-Product

“…This odd behavior of [Ch][DHCit] might stem from specific intramolecular interactions within the [DHCit] − anions, which reduce its salting-out effect. A similar phenomenon was observed in a study by Dimitrijević et al, where [Ch][DHCit]/Pluronic PE6200 showed the lowest distribution coefficients for hydrophobic alkaloids like caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine [ 32 ]. The authors attributed this to the IL and water content in the Pluronic-rich phase.…”

“…Although [DHCit] − has the highest polar surface charge among the studied cholinium compounds (132.13 Å 2 ), it is not a stronger salting-out agent than [Ch][DHP] (77.76 Å 2 ). As explained in the work of Pereira et al, [DHCit] − anions exhibit intramolecular hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl hydrogen atoms and one of the oxygens of the central carboxyl group, which decreases their interaction with water and, consequently, the respective salting-out ability [ 32 , 45 ].…”

“…In addition, it is well documented that ILs synthesized from carefully selected, safe, naturally-derived materials can be environmentally benign with enhanced biodegradability and biocompatibility [ 28 , 29 , 30 ]. Such ILs can be based on low-cost and non-toxic cations, thus opening doors for their application in bioactive molecule extraction and even their further preservation [ 31 , 32 ]. Ionic liquid-based aqueous biphasic systems (IL-ABSs) represent liquid–liquid extraction techniques that allow for the recovery of target products from complex samples [ 33 , 34 ].…”

Recycling of metals from LiFePO4 battery cathode material by using ionic liquid based-aqueous biphasic systems

“…E-mail: Xiaohua.li@kuleuven.be b Durham University, Department of Chemistry, Durham DH1 3LE, UK † Electronic supplementary information (ESI) available: XRD pattern of the as-received LFP battery cathode material and of the leaching solid residue; TXRF spectra of the as-received LFP cathode material; UV-vis spectra for determination of the concentration of Fe(II) and Fe(III) in the leachate solutions; distribution ratio and extraction percentage of Li and a second solute, such as inorganic or organic salts, polymers or amino acids. [18][19][20][21][22] In recent decade, IL-based ABS has been effectively applied in the separation of metal ions. [23][24][25] By employing IL-based ABS, we can maintain the high selectivity of ILs towards metal ions.…”

“…16,17 Ionic liquid based ABS (IL-based ABS) is composed of an IL and a second solute, such as inorganic or organic salts, polymers or amino acids. 18–22 In recent decade, IL-based ABS has been effectively applied in the separation of metal ions. 23–25 By employing IL-based ABS, we can maintain the high selectivity of ILs towards metal ions.…”