“…Whether the latter is true or not, the present results could confirm the importance of studying complete agrochemical formulations in toxicity screenings because the excipient(s) may have toxicological properties completely different from those of the active ingredients alone, and their impacts may be quite different, as demonstrated previously in different biotic matrices (Cox and Surgan, 2006;González et al, 2007;Nikoloff et al, 2012;Soloneski and Larramendy, 2010). The SCGE test has become extensively valuable as a biomarker in amphibians to monitor contaminated areas (in situ assay) (Burlibasa and Gavrila, 2011;Maselli et al, 2010;Ralph and Petras, 1998) as well as for screening xenobiotics after direct or indirect exposure (in vivo assay) (Binelli et al, 2009;Knakievicz et al, 2008;Mouchet et al, 2007;Zavala-Aguirre et al, 2007). We observed that, regardless of the concentration, acute exposure to Twin Pack Gold s or Rainbow s increased the frequency of primary DNA lesions estimated by alkaline SCGE, a result opposite that of the MN test.…”