Aquaculture

Eenennaam, Joel P. Van; Chapman, Frank A.; Jarvis, Peter L.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-2833-4_14

Cited by 15 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Unless these large fish could be penned or enclosed in areas where shrimp biocontrol is needed, direct shrimp control by sturgeon on aquaculture beds seems unlikely. Both white and green sturgeon have been successfully raised in captivity (Deng et al 2002;Van Eenennaam et al 2004) and hatchery produced sturgeons can contribute to wild populations (Secor et al 2000;Smith et al 2002). Aquaculture or hatchery supplementation of wild stocks however, raises issues such as depleting wild broodstock, genetic inbreeding, and selection for maladaptive traits (Secor et al 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do sturgeon limit burrowing shrimp populations in Pacific Northwest Estuaries?

2008

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Green sturgeon, Acipenser medirostris, and white sturgeon, Acipenser transmontanus, are frequent inhabitants of coastal estuaries from northern California, USA to British Columbia, Canada. An analysis of stomach contents from 95 green sturgeon and six white sturgeon commercially landed in Willapa Bay, Grays Harbor, and the Columbia River estuary during 2000-2005 revealed that 17-97% had empty stomachs, but those fish with items in their guts fed predominantly on benthic prey items and fish. Burrowing thalassinid shrimp (mostly Neotrypaea californiensis) were important food items for both white and especially for green sturgeon taken in Willapa Bay, Washington during summer 2003, where they represented 51% of the biomass ingested (84.9% IRI). Small pits observed in intertidal areas dominated by these shrimp, are likely made by these sturgeon and we present evidence from exclusion studies and field observation that the predator making the pits can have a significant cumulative negative effect on burrowing shrimp density. These burrowing shrimp present a threat to the aquaculture industry in Washington State due to their ability to de-stabilize the substrate on which shellfish are grown. Despite an active burrowing shrimp control program in these estuaries, it seems unlikely that current burrowing shrimp abundance and availability as food is a limiting factor for threatened green sturgeon stocks. However, these large predators may have performed an important top down control function on shrimp populations in the past when they were more abundant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Do sturgeon limit burrowing shrimp populations in Pacific Northwest Estuaries?

2008

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“…The withdrawal of domperidone treatment during the last 2 years had no effect on ovulation rate and appeared to improve egg quality. The recommended total GnRHa doses of 20 lg/kg for female green sturgeon and 10 lg/kg for males are the dosages currently used in the aquaculture industry to induce spawning of domestic white sturgeon (Van Eenennaam et al 2004). The most apparent effect of domperidone was the reduced adhesiveness of green sturgeon eggs.…”

Section: Source Of Variation Dfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced Spawning, Artificial Fertilization, and Egg Incubation Techniques for Green Sturgeon

et al. 2008

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Establishment of hatchery breeding techniques for the threatened green sturgeon Acipenser medirostris is important for research and conservation hatcheries. Injections of either gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (GnRHa) or GnRHa plus domperidone were used to induce ovulation in 13 female Klamath River green sturgeon and to induce spermiation in 19 males. Ovulated eggs were either rinsed in water or not rinsed before fertilization, and the eggs were fertilized with different milt dilutions and for different lengths of time. After fertilization, eggs either were allowed to adhere to the bottom of glass dishes or were silted for 1 h and then incubated in McDonald or upwelling jars. All broodfish ovulated or spermiated in all hormonal treatments, and the best treatment was GnRHa injected alone in a single dose of 10 lg/kg for males or in a 1lg/kg priming dose and a 19-lg/kg resolving dose for females. Females were held at 12-138C, and ovulation was observed 14 6 3 h (mean 6 SD) after the second injection. Domperidone was not required for successful ovulation and appeared to reduce the adhesion of ovulated eggs. From 49,000 to 115,000 eggs were collected from each female, and from 30 to 300 mL of milt were collected from each male. Sperm cell concentrations in milt ranged from 2.9 3 10 8 to 5.4 3 10 9 sperm/mL, and the sperm exhibited 90-100% motility for up to 5 min. In all experiments, egg rinsing improved fertilization success by 5-12%. Embryo survival to neurulation in the McDonald jars was lower (5-32%) than that in the upwelling incubators (60-82%). Green sturgeon eggs were sensitive to the high-impact rolling action at the bottom of the McDonald jars, probably due to the large egg diameter (mean 6 SD ¼ 4.33 6 0.14 mm) and thinner chorion (42 6 4 lm) relative to eggs of white sturgeon A. transmontanus (diameter ¼ 3.79 6 0.03 mm; chorion thickness ¼ 115 6 6 lm).

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“…Commercial sturgeon operations had their beginnings in the 1980s, and husbandry technology is rapidly *Corresponding author: fchapman@ufl.edu Received November 19, 2014;accepted January 25, 2015 being developed (Van Eenennaam et al 2004). Efforts for restoring sturgeon populations in the wild have also become a priority for many government resource management agencies (Van Eenennaam et al 2004). However, sturgeon species cultured for restoration or commercial purposes have proven difficult to feed, especially the larvae.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The White Sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus, native to the Pacific northwest of North America, is cultured commercially in California and Italy, primarily for the production of meat and caviar (Auer 2004;Van Eenennaam et al 2004). Commercial sturgeon operations had their beginnings in the 1980s, and husbandry technology is rapidly *Corresponding author: fchapman@ufl.edu Received November 19, 2014;accepted January 25, 2015 being developed (Van Eenennaam et al 2004). Efforts for restoring sturgeon populations in the wild have also become a priority for many government resource management agencies (Van Eenennaam et al 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Food Transit Time and Site of Absorption of Nutrients in Gulf of Mexico Sturgeon

2015

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We determined that the average gastrointestinal tract length of 8–11‐month‐old Gulf of Mexico Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus desotoi, a subspecies of Atlantic Sturgeon A. oxyrinchus, was approximately 82% of its fork length. The time required for digesta to pass through the digestive tract was approximately 32 h. Defecation was initiated between 8 and 16 h after feeding. The main site for digestion and absorption of energy, dry matter, and crude protein was the spiral valve region of the intestine, as determined by apparent digestibility coefficients. By the time digesta had reached the lower spiral valve most of the energy, dry matter, and crude protein had been absorbed. Morphological examination of the intestine, including the spiral valve region, revealed a highly developed mucosal surface area, which is essential for efficient nutrient digestion and absorption during the extended period required for the digesta to move through the digestive tract.

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Aquaculture

Cited by 15 publications

References 130 publications

Do sturgeon limit burrowing shrimp populations in Pacific Northwest Estuaries?

Do sturgeon limit burrowing shrimp populations in Pacific Northwest Estuaries?

Induced Spawning, Artificial Fertilization, and Egg Incubation Techniques for Green Sturgeon

Food Transit Time and Site of Absorption of Nutrients in Gulf of Mexico Sturgeon

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