Aqua medicines, drugs and chemicals (AMDC) used in freshwater aquaculture of South-Eastern Bangladesh

Abstract

A broad variety of aquaculture-related medications, drugs, and chemicals (AMDC) are extensively used in the aquaculture industry in South-Eastern Bangladesh. Fish farmers are worried about the quality of their final product, and disease outbreaks must be stopped at all costs. Farmers are sometimes one ahead of the curve when it comes to producing healthy final products by including probiotics, vitamins, and minerals into their aquaculture setups to promote early and disease-free output. However, the current study was carried out in south eastern Bangladesh, specifically in the highly dense aquaculture regions of Chandpur, Cumilla, and Feni district (17 upazilas), from November 2016 to January 2018. Questions were asked through interviews and a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) was held to gather primary data. The major target groups were aquaculture farmers, AMDC shops, pharmaceutical company employees, and hatchery owners. In this three-county area, according to the findings from the thorough research, there are a total of 33 companies that advertise 330 generics brand products via their own distributional channels. Among the available AMDC products in the study area, growth promoters were mostly abundant products among all categories while other products such as predator removal products, insecticides and ectoparasiticides, water quality and pond management, plankton producer, plankton bloom cleaner, disinfectant and disease treatment, toxic gas reducer, pH controller, oxygen supply, stress reducer, growth promoter, probiotics and antibiotics were most selling products to the farmers. The present study revealed 19 generic of antibiotics were available and prescribed by the AMDC vendors or aquaculture disease consultants (ADC) around the regions. Additionally, the research also included the dosages of AMDC and the method of administration in the aquaculture pond, which will assist both the farmers and the ADC in selecting and suggesting the appropriate medications or treatments that may be beneficial to the farmers in the long run. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2021, 6 (2), 103-127

Fish market infrastructure in Khulna city, Bangladesh

“…In Sandhya Bazar fish market, light illuminations were not up to the mark (Rahaman et al, 2015;. Electricity supply was good but not sufficient according to the platforms and electrical wires were needed to be repaired as being in a crucial stage (Islam et al, 2014;Asif et al, 2015;Islam et al, 2015;Hossain et al, 2016;Asif and Habib, 2017;Mondal et al, 2018a;Adhikary et al, 2018;Mondal et al, 2018b;Zaman et al, 2017;Vaumik et al, 2017). High dosage of formalin usage were reported previously in Sandhya Bazar fish market to keep the fishes fully fresh till late hours at night.…”

Effect of OxyAqua Organic Product on the Growth Performance and Survival Rate of Black Fin Seabream (Acanthopagrus berda) and Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Juveniles Reared in Seawater Cemented Cisterns

“…Artificial aeration with different methods is the best source for protecting various disease problems because artificial feeding will lead to increased pollution and carbon dioxide level in the water with decrease dissolved oxygen (Agarwal, 1999;Boyd, 1995). Artificial aeration through various aerator machine is the common and reliable method applied in intensive and semi-intensive aquaculture system (Boyd, 1990;Timmons et al, 2001;Ritola et al, 2002;Valverde et al, 2006), but currently using an organic products known as Aci-Ox, OxyAqua, Oxy-A, Oxyflox, Oxymax, Oxyren, Oxymore, and Oxylife are crucial to optimize the dissolve oxygen level and fertility of water in any culture system to get maximum yield with high survival ratio (Adhikary et al, 2018;Das et al, 2020;Hossain et al, 2021). Therefore, our aim of the present study is to analyze the overall growth performance and their effects on two most commercial fish species (Orechromis niloticus and Acanthopagrus berda) by using two different artificial methods for obtaining sufficient dissolve oxygen concentration in captivity.…”

“…Various types of commercial aqua-products have been used in aquaculture and become an essential input for successful fish production globally, also improving soil and water quality, enhancing natural productivity, dissolve oxygen (DO) concentration and lower harmful gasses in ponds (Islam, 2022). Generally, successful aquaculture depends on the good water quality especially an optimum oxygen concentration in the ponds and worldwide many farmers were used different chemical products such as Oxymax, Oxymore, Oxylife, Aci-ox, Oxyrich Tab, Oxygold, Oxy-aqua, Oxy-A, Oxyflox and Oxyren to enhance dissolved oxygen concentration of water (Adhikary et al, 2018;Das et al, 2020;Hossain et al, 2021). Due to this reason, in our study we used different media such as OxyAqua medium in T1 and artificial aeration system in T2 to observed the overall growth of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and blackfin seabream (Acanthopagrus berda) in seawater cemented tanks.…”

“…Aquaculture can be sustained by good water quality management practices. In terms of animal health management, enhancing water quality especially dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration and productivity in aquaculture, an increasing practice of using medicines, antibiotics, disinfectants, probiotics and different chemicals can be seen to protect the aquatic animals from diseases (Das et al, 2020;Hossain et al, 2021). The commercially important fish species such as Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Sea bream (Acanthopagrus berda) having a great market value worldwide (Abbas et al, 2015 and Abstract | In order to analyze the effects of OxyAqua organic product used for fish health management, improve water quality and high survival ratio, research was conducted for 60 days in seawater cemented cisterns at CEMB, University of Karachi.…”

Farmers’ awareness on use of ICT in farm practices

“…;Asif et al (2015);;Hossain et al (2016);Vaumik et al (2017);Hossain et al (2017);Islam et al (2017) andAsif and Habib (2017).…”