Approaching the fill factor Shockley–Queisser limit in stable, dopant-free triple cation perovskite solar cells

Stolterfoht, Martin; Wolff, Christian; Amir, Yohai; Paulke, Andreas; Perdigón‐Toro, Lorena; Caprioglio, Pietro; Neher, Dieter

doi:10.1039/c7ee00899f

Cited by 332 publications

(357 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Further, the PL intensity is lower in 15 nm NiCo 2 O 4 film than that of the thicker films, pointing to an efficient suppression of the electron-hole recombination (Figure 5b, inset). The direct correlation of faster charge carriers extraction at thinner HTL layers with increased FF has been previously studied by Stolterfoht et al [77] We also notice that the configuration of 15 nm NiCo 2 O 4 HTL is depleted faster than the other devices due to enhanced charge carrier collection, which can also confirm the increase at the FF of the corresponding PVSC. Figure 6a shows the characteristic Nyquist plots of the three corresponding PVSCs devices for 15, 20, and 30 nm sized NiCo 2 O 4 films.…”

Section: Blade Coating Processed Thin Films Of Nico 2 O 4 Npssupporting

confidence: 84%

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

et al. 2018

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The synthesis and characterization of low‐temperature solution‐processable monodispersed nickel cobaltite (NiCo2O4) nanoparticles (NPs) via a combustion synthesis is reported using tartaric acid as fuel and the performance as a hole transport layer (HTL) for perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) is demonstrated. NiCo2O4 is a p‐type semiconductor consisting of environmentally friendly, abundant elements and higher conductivity compared to NiO. It is shown that the combustion synthesis of spinel NiCo2O4 using tartaric acid as fuel can be used to control the NPs size and provide smooth, compact, and homogeneous functional HTLs processed by blade coating. Study of PVSCs with different NiCo2O4 thickness as HTL reveals a difference on hole extraction efficiency, and for 15 nm, optimized thickness enhanced hole carrier collection is achieved. As a result, p‐i‐n structure of PVSCs with 15 nm NiCo2O4 HTLs shows reliable performance and power conversion efficiency values in the range of 15.5% with negligible hysteresis.

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Section: Blade Coating Processed Thin Films Of Nico 2 O 4 Npssupporting

confidence: 84%

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

et al. 2018

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“…Furthermore, the aggregated LiTFSI can be hydrated by moisture in ambient conditions, leading to the decomposition of the perovskite surface. [47][48][49] Zhu et al reported that Li + migration from the HTM layer to the perovskite and TiO 2 layer deteriorated the interfaces in the solar cells, which resulted in a reduction of the V OC and FF compared to the Li-free cells. This is consistent with previous reports where the FF is closely related to the quality of the perovskite|HTM interface hindering Adv.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LiTFSI‐Free Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiencies Exceeding 19%

Tan

Raga

Chesman

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

106

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To date, the most efficient perovskite solar cells (PSCs) employ an n–i–p device architecture that uses a 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenyl‐amine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) hole‐transporting material (HTM), which achieves optimum conductivity with the addition of lithium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (LiTFSI) and air exposure. However, this additive along with its oxidation process leads to poor reproducibility and is detrimental to stability. Herein, a dicationic salt spiro‐OMeTAD(TFSI)2, is employed as an effective p‐dopant to achieve power conversion efficiencies of 19.3% and 18.3% (apertures of 0.16 and 1.00 cm2) with excellent reproducibility in the absence of LiTFSI and air exposure. As far as it is known, these are the highest‐performing n–i–p PSCs without LiTFSI or air exposure. Comprehensive analysis demonstrates that precise control of the proportion of [spiro‐OMeTAD]+ directly provides high conductivity in HTM films with low series resistance, fast hole extraction, and lower interfacial charge recombination. Moreover, the spiro‐OMeTAD(TFSI)2‐doped devices show improved stability, benefitting from well‐retained HTM morphology without forming aggregates or voids when tested under an ambient atmosphere. A facile approach is presented to fabricate highly efficient PSCs by replacing LiTFSI with spiro‐OMeTAD(TFSI)2. Furthermore, this study provides an insight into the relationship between device performance and the HTM doping level.

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“…By replacing TiO2 with a low temperature SnO2 with higher charge selectivity for efficient electron extraction, a stabilized PCE of 20.8% could be obtained by a Cs + -doped FAMA perovskite [50]. For p-i-n solar cells, (CsPbI3)0.05[(FAPbI3)0.83(MAPbBr3)0.17]0.95 films on top of PTAA led to PCEs of 20% with a fill factor (close to 0.8) approaching the Shockley-Queisser limit [51]. Despite these results, the question remained whether one can fabricate highly efficient, mixed perovskite planar solar cells without an excess of PbI2.…”

Section: Mixed Perovskites In N-i-p and P-i-n Solar Cells: Is The Excmentioning

confidence: 94%

Anti-Solvent Crystallization Strategies for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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Solution-processed organic-inorganic halide perovskites are currently established as the hottest area of interest in the world of photovoltaics, ensuring low manufacturing cost and high conversion efficiencies. Even though various fabrication/deposition approaches and device architectures have been tested, researchers quickly realized that the key for the excellent solar cell operation was the quality of the crystallization of the perovskite film, employed to assure efficient photogeneration of carriers, charge separation and transport of the separated carriers at the contacts. One of the most typical methods in chemistry to crystallize a material is anti-solvent precipitation. Indeed, this classical precipitation method worked really well for the growth of single crystals of perovskite. Fortunately, the method was also effective for the preparation of perovskite films by adopting an anti-solvent dripping technique during spin-coating the perovskite precursor solution on the substrate. With this, polycrystalline perovskite films with pure and stable crystal phases accompanied with excellent surface coverage were prepared, leading to highly reproducible efficiencies close to 22%. In this review, we discuss recent results on highly efficient solar cells, obtained by the anti-solvent dripping method, always in the presence of Lewis base adducts of lead(II) iodide. We present all the anti-solvents that can be used and what is the impact of them on device efficiencies. Finally, we analyze the critical challenges that currently limit the efficacy/reproducibility of this crystallization method and propose prospects for future directions.

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Approaching the fill factor Shockley–Queisser limit in stable, dopant-free triple cation perovskite solar cells

Abstract: High fill factor, large area perovskite solar cells are realized with undoped organic transport layers by optimizing the charge carrier transit through PTAA.

Cited by 332 publications

References 34 publications

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

LiTFSI‐Free Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiencies Exceeding 19%

Anti-Solvent Crystallization Strategies for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Approaching the fill factor Shockley–Queisser limit in stable, dopant-free triple cation perovskite solar cells

Abstract: High fill factor, large area perovskite solar cells are realized with undoped organic transport layers by optimizing the charge carrier transit through PTAA.

Cited by 332 publications

References 34 publications

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo2O4 Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo2O4 Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

LiTFSI‐Free Spiro‐OMeTAD‐Based Perovskite Solar Cells with Power Conversion Efficiencies Exceeding 19%

Anti-Solvent Crystallization Strategies for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

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Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics

Low‐Temperature Combustion Synthesis of a Spinel NiCo₂O₄ Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite Photovoltaics