Approaches to the Study of Colostrum-The Onset of Lactation

Patton, Stuart; Huston, Gail E.; Montgomery, P.A.; Josephson, R.V.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7207-7_20

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Despite compositional differences with amniotic fluid, colostrum is chemically overlapping with it (Hartmann et al, 2012; Schaal, 2016), prompting odor resemblance between both substrates and equivalent attraction in newborns (Marlier, Schaal, & Soussignan, 1997; Schaal, Marlier, & Soussignan, 1998). Secondly , and related to the previous point, the chemosensory familiarity of colostrum is probably higher in the days right after birth, during the phase of colostral stability (ie, postnatal days 0–2; Patton, Huston, Montgomery, & Josephson, 1986; Montgomery, Patton, Huston, & Josephson, 1987). At this time, the chemical similarity between colostrum and amniotic fluid is maximal because both fluids are under the same sources of variation (Schaal, 2005, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the “initial milk”?

Klaey-Tassone

Durand

Damon

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives Colostrum is the initial milk secretion which ingestion by neonates warrants their adaptive start in life. Colostrum is accordingly expected to be attractive to newborns. The present study aims to assess whether colostrum is olfactorily attractive for 2‐day‐old newborns when presented against mature milk or a control. Methods The head‐orientation of waking newborns was videotaped in three experiments pairing the odors of: (a) colostrum (sampled on postpartum day 2, not from own mother) and mature milk (sampled on average on postpartum day 32, not from own mother) (n tested newborns = 15); (b) Colostrum and control (water; n = 9); and (c) Mature milk and control (n = 13). Results When facing the odors of colostrum and mature milk, the infants turned their nose significantly longer toward former (32.8 vs 17.7% of a 120‐s test). When exposed to colostrum against the control, they responded in favor of colostrum (32.9 vs 16.6%). Finally, when the odor of mature milk was presented against the control, their response appeared undifferentiated (26.7 vs 28.6%). Conclusions These results indicate that human newborns can olfactorily differentiate conspecific lacteal fluids sampled at different lactation stages. They prefer the odor of the mammary secretion ‐ colostrum ‐ collected at the lactation stage that best matches the postpartum age of their own mother. These results are discussed in the context of the earliest mother‐infant chemo‐communication. Coinciding maternal emission and offspring reception of chemosignals conveyed in colostrum may be part of the sensory precursors of attunement between mothers and infants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the “initial milk”?

Klaey-Tassone

Durand

Damon

et al. 2020

American J Hum Biol

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“…In most species there are two phases: a colostral phase in which the milk contains large amounts of immunoglobulins and other immune defense proteins [50], and the mature secretion phase characterized by the production of large volumes of milk that support the growth of the newborn. Although the colostral phase has not been well-characterized in the mouse, preliminary evidence from the Neville laboratory suggests that it is brief in this species (Neville MC, unpublished data).…”

Section: Functional Differentiation Of the Mammary Glandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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et al. 2007

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The transition from pregnancy to lactation is a critical event in the survival of the newborn since all the nutrient requirements of the infant are provided by milk. While milk contains numerous components, including proteins, that aid in maintaining the health of the infant, lactose and milk fat represent the critical energy providing elements of milk. Much of the research to date on mammary epithelial differentiation has focused upon expression of milk protein genes, providing a somewhat distorted view of alveolar differentiation and secretory activation. While expression of milk protein genes increases during pregnancy and at secretory activation, the genes whose expression is more tightly regulated at this transition are those that regulate lipid biosynthesis. The sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) family of transcription factors is recognized as regulating fatty acid and cholesterol biosynthesis. We propose that SREBP1 is a critical regulator of secretory activation with regard to lipid biosynthesis, in a manner that responds to diet, and that the serine/threonine protein kinase Akt influences this process, resulting in a highly efficient lipid synthetic organ that is able to support the nutritional needs of the newborn.

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“…Its aromatic profile is thus elaborated synchronously with that of AF from the aromas carried in the food ingested by the pregnant mother. Colostrum composition is stable, but very different from milk, during days 1-2, and then changes by day 3 to increasingly resemble mature milk (Patton et al, 1986; see also Kulski & Hartmann, 1981;Macy, 1949;Neville, 1995;Read & Sarrif, 1965). This progressive replacement of colostrum by milk in the lacteal secretions, in conjunction with the exposure of the mother to a novel dietary spectrum within the hospital, may cause the fading of the amniotic-lacteal aromatic similarity after postpartum day 2, and hence facilitate the olfactory discriminability of AF and milk in 4-day-old breast-feeding neonates.…”

Section: Cessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…But why should the odors of AF and colostrum of days 1-2.5 be more similar than the odors of AF and milk of days 3-5? Colostrum, also called "prepartum mammary secretion" (Neville, 1995), is secreted into the mammary alveolae during the last week(s) of gestation (Neville, 1995;Patton, Huston, Montgomery, & Josephson, 1986;Vorherr, 1984). Its aromatic profile is thus elaborated synchronously with that of AF from the aromas carried in the food ingested by the pregnant mother.…”

Section: Cessesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Responsiveness to the Odor of Amniotic and Lacteal Fluids: A Test of Perinatal Chemosensory Continuity

1998

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The head-orientation response of 2- and 4-day-old breast-feeding neonates was studied in paired-choice odor tests. Three tests were conducted on day 2 (amniotic fluid [AF] versus Colostrum; AF versus Control; Colostrum versus Control) and on day 4 (AF versus Milk; AF versus Control; Milk versus Control). At 2 days, both AF and Colostrum elicited positive orientation when presented simultaneously with the control stimulus, indicating that both odors were detectable to the infants. However, no differential responses were noted when AF and colostrum were presented concurrently, suggesting that both of these substrates were treated as similar sensorily and/or hedonically. On day 4, the odors of AF and transitional milk elicited attraction responses when presented in competition with a control stimulus. When the odor of milk was presented simultaneously with the odor of AF, the former elicited longer head orientation. Thus, within the first 4 days of life olfactory selectivity changes from a null preference between cues carried in AF and in colostrum to a positive preference for cues carried in postamniotic odors, that is, breast milk. An additional experiment indicated that 3-day-old neonates orient longer toward the odor of their own AF than toward the odor of alien AF, showing that prenatal odors elicit selective responding for some time after birth. Altogether these results were interpreted as supporting the hypotheses that prenatal experience might influence the earliest odor preferences in the breast-feeding human neonate and that these preferences rapidly evolve according to postnatal experience.

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Approaches to the Study of Colostrum-The Onset of Lactation

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the “initial milk”?

Human neonates prefer colostrum to mature milk: Evidence for an olfactory bias toward the “initial milk”?

Untitled

Neonatal Responsiveness to the Odor of Amniotic and Lacteal Fluids: A Test of Perinatal Chemosensory Continuity

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