Approach to Parathyroid Disorders

Evaluation of the Effect of Oral Vitamin D3 Supplement on Orthodontic Tooth Movement: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

“…Vitamin D and its active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25,2(OH)D3), together with PTH and calcitonin, regulate the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the body. 2,33 Vitamin D deficiency can lead to skeletal disorders such as osteomalacia as well as non-skeletal effects such as secondary hyperparathyroidism 34,35…”

“…Vitamin D and its active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25,2(OH)D3), together with PTH and calcitonin, regulate the amount of calcium and phosphorus in the body. 2,33 Vitamin D deficiency can lead to skeletal disorders such as osteomalacia as well as non-skeletal effects such as secondary hyperparathyroidism 34,35 A study in 2011 showed that local injection of 1,25,2(OH) D3 was clinically effective in increasing the rate of OTM in humans, and it was demonstrated to be dose-dependent. 30 However, Shetty et al 36 reported in 2015 that local injections of vitamin D3 significantly reduced the rate and amount of tooth movement in humans.…”

TYPE 2 DIABETES AND BONE HEALTH: an epidemiological approach

“…These modalities found that bone loss occurs with aging in both men and women but more rapidly in early menopause in women and to a greater extent in trabecular compared to cortical bone (11). Computed tomography-based finite element analysis (FEA) of a hip or spine provides an accurate evaluation of skeletal strength and may be used to predict the risk of fracture (15). The non-invasive imaging modality called high-resolution quantitative computed tomography (HRpQCT) is a newer technique to assess bone quality.…”

“…Secondary causes of osteoporosis are characterized by a group of heterogeneous disorders and medications that contribute to bone loss and fragility through various mechanisms independently of age or estrogen deficiency (15). Secondary bone loss is often more severe and associated with reduced bone quality that does not depend on changes in bone mass (15).…”

“…Secondary causes of osteoporosis are characterized by a group of heterogeneous disorders and medications that contribute to bone loss and fragility through various mechanisms independently of age or estrogen deficiency (15). Secondary bone loss is often more severe and associated with reduced bone quality that does not depend on changes in bone mass (15). Some risk factors for osteoporosis are modifiable, e.g., alcohol, smoking, low body weight, and adverse effects of several drugs, e.g., glitazones, androgen deprivation therapy, glucocorticoids, etc.…”