Approach to an Intracranial Mass in Patients With HIV

Elicer, Isabel

doi:10.1007/s11910-020-01058-y

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Результаты нашего исследования демонстрируют, что на основании клинических, нейровизуализационных и лабораторных данных в большинстве случаев возможно установление диагноза ЦТ. Однако, по данным ряда авторов, для окончательной диагностики в 10-20% наблюдений требуется проведение биопсии [5,7,11]. Это касается в первую очередь серонегативных случаев.…”

Section: заключениеunclassified

“…При этом, по данным ряда исследователей, одиночные очаги ЦТ встречаются примерно в 20% случаев [1]. В подобных ситуациях дифференциальный диагноз проводится с лимфомой ЦНС, первичными и метастатическими опухолями, туберкуломами, нейроцистицеркозом, эхиноккоккозом, альвеококкозом и другими заболеваниями [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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A case series of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the practice of a neurological hospital

Shnyakin

Botov

Rudenko

et al. 2023

Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology

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Introduction. Central nervous system is one of the main targets in patients with HIV infection. Neurological complications in AIDS are primarily caused by opportunistic brain infections including toxoplasmosis as the most common one. Patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis are often hospitalized with diagnosed strokes, tumors, or encephalitis. At that, their HIV status may be unknown and their state severity often does not allow conducting the range of required examinations. Materials and methods. We have described our experience in management of 6 patients admitted to the neurosurgery department with single toxoplasmosis foci and diagnosed brain tumors. Results. HIV infection was initially known in 3 patients only. In 2 compensated patients, the diagnosis was confirmed via Toxoplasma IgG blood test. In 2 individuals, negative serological Toxoplasma reactions were followed by neuronavigationally controlled biopsies. A patient with an extensive perifocal edema and, as a result, dislocated midline structures underwent decompressive craniectomy and mass removal. One female patient, with an unclear diagnosis, was operated for a suspected brain tumor. After additional assessments (including 4 histologies to confirm cerebral toxoplasmosis), all the patients were transferred to the infectious disease hospital for specific treatment.

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Section: заключениеunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

A case series of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the practice of a neurological hospital

Shnyakin

Botov

Rudenko

et al. 2023

Annals of Clinical and Experimental Neurology

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“…He was alert with unaltered cognitive functions; his pupils showed anisocoria, veering gait, neck stiffness, and the rest of the physical examination was without significant findings. Since people with HIV present with subacute neurological deficits, the differential diagnosis includes inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic causes [3].…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A cranial magnetic resonance image showed multiple lesions with intra-and extra-axial ring enhancement without intracranial hypertension (Figures 1A, 1B). Since Toxoplasma encephalitis is the most common cause of intracranial lesion with ring enhancement, Toxoplasma gondii IgG antibodies and blood cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and fungi were required; the test results were negative [3]. Therefore, a lumbar puncture was performed, and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showed pleocytosis at the expense of mononuclear cells (119 cells/mL with 65% mononuclear cells), slightly elevated protein, normal glucose, and negative Gram stain.…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple Brain Abscesses Caused by Nocardia Beijingensis in a Patient With HIV Infection

Leon-Tavares¹,

Hernández-Silva²,

Díaz-Lomelí³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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The etiologic agents of central nervous system infections in HIV-infected patients comprise a broad range of opportunistic pathogens. We presented a 49-year-old male patient with HIV infection and low adherence to antiretroviral therapy. He presented with multiple cerebral abscesses, and his microbiological diagnosis approach resulted in the isolation of Nocardia beijingensis, a species rarely reported in America. Central nervous system nocardial infection in HIV-infected patients should be considered, and a diagnosis at species level is mandatory because the antibiotic susceptibility profile varies among species.

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“…Researchers have found that DWI/ADC (Camacho et al, 2003;Schroeder et al, 2006), MRS (Elicer, 2020) and DSC-MRI (dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced imaging) (Dibble et al, 2017) can help differentiate toxoplasmosis and lymphoma in AIDS patients. SWI is valuable in the diagnosis of Toxoplasma encephalitis (Benson et al, 2018), and multimodal MR (DWI/ADC or SWI-ITSS) (Li et al, 2021), 18 F-FDG PET/CT (Lewitschnig et al, 2013) and (T-201) thallium SPECT (Brandsma and Bromberg, 2018) are useful for differentiating AR-PCNSL from infectious lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from Cerebral toxoplasmosis with Use of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging and Contrast Enhanced 3D-T1WI

Xue

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Approach to an Intracranial Mass in Patients With HIV

Cited by 6 publications

References 83 publications

A case series of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the practice of a neurological hospital

A case series of cerebral toxoplasmosis in the practice of a neurological hospital

Multiple Brain Abscesses Caused by Nocardia Beijingensis in a Patient With HIV Infection

Differentiation of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Related Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma from Cerebral toxoplasmosis with Use of Susceptibility-Weighted Imaging and Contrast Enhanced 3D-T1WI

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