Applying WDM technology to undersea cable networks

Trischitta, P.R.; Marra, W.C.

doi:10.1109/35.648761

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The $47,103 of TAT-7 in 1983 was 3.8 percent of the cost of TAT-1 in 1956; however, fiber-optic technology has had greater impact: The investment cost per circuit of recent trans-Atlantic and trans-Pacific cables is less than 1 percent that of cables installed in the late 1980s. Cable links are no longer point-to-point but self-healing rings including at least two landing points at each end, providing integrated networks and a thousand-fold capacity increase in eight years over a transoceanic distance (Trischitta and Marra 1998;Gautheron and Suyama 2003). Reinforced by this freefall in pricing, fiber-optic cables have become the preferred means of international communication (Chesnoy and Jerpahagnon 2002).…”

Section: Deregulation Privatization and Technological Changementioning

confidence: 99%

A Wired World: The Evolving Geography of Submarine Cables and the Shift to Asia

Malecki

2009

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

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Submarine cables for telecommunications were an early catalyst of globalization and of transnational corporate production networks and they continue to facilitate global economic activity. This article describes increasing demand from Internet and mobile phones as well as new uses for cables, such as oil exploration and high-energy physics. We trace the history of submarine cables and their geography from their early days to the Internet era, and analyze a global data set of cables at four intervals since 1979. Although the traditional triad locations (Western Europe, North America, and East Asia) are among the best connected, new networks in new places-notably Asia-are poised to become key network nodes in the twenty-first century. Based on cable capacity, the future submarine cable network looks very different from the old, suggesting new economic geographies and new world cities for a new world economy.

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Section: Deregulation Privatization and Technological Changementioning

confidence: 99%

A Wired World: The Evolving Geography of Submarine Cables and the Shift to Asia

Malecki

2009

Annals of the Association of American Geographers

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“…A few WDM frameworks were sent crosswise over the Atlantic and Pacific Sea throughout 1998-2001. Accordingly, the web information movement is expanded; they have expanded the aggregate limit by requests of extent [10,11]. The limit of the existing standard single-mode fiber is reaching its major point of confinement paying little attention to the critical acknowledgment of transmission innovations, which consider high efficiencies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentric Core Fiber Design for Optical Fiber Communication

Nadeem¹,

Choi²

2016

Journal of information and communication convergence engineerin

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Because of rapid technological advancements, increased data rate support has become the key criterion for future communication medium selection. Multimode optical fibers and multicore optical fibers are well matched to high data rate throughput requirements because of their tendency to support multiple modes through one core at a time, which results in higher data rates. Using the numerical mode solver OptiFiber, we have designed a concentric core fiber by investigating certain design parameters, namely core diameter (µm), wavelength (nm), and refractive index profile, and as a result, the number of channels, material losses, bending losses, polarization mode dispersion, and the effective nonlinear refractive index have been determined. Space division multiplexing is a promising future technology that uses few-mode fibers in parallel to form a multicore fiber. The experimental tests are conducted using the standard second window wavelength of 1,550 nm and simulated results are presented.

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“…This project integrates several telecommunications technologies such as satellites, digital mobile Page 4.154.2 radio and terrestrial fiber optic networks to connect all the African countries. The project will serve as a major part of the global undersea fiber optic infrastructure connecting the world when completed by the end of 1999 9 . Instead of using these technologies separately in their own application areas, we can combine them and achieve even greater benefits in terms of low prices and seamless operations for rapidly growing future multimedia communication services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curriculum Development Of An Advanced Communications Course By Sharing Properly Wireless And Wireline Systems In Electronics Engineering Technology Program

Islam

1999 Annual Conference Proceedings

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Wireless communications appears to be a technology that will shape our society in the 21st century. All indications are that this growth will continue at a rapid pace as wireless communications will convert the already shrinking world into a global village. The primary components and industry players that encompass the various wireless infrastructures including cellular, PCS (Personal Communications Services), paging, LMDS (Local Multipoint Distribution Services), wireless LANs and satellite services are expected to grow at double digit rates.Fiber optics is one of the hottest fields in wireline communication systems as it has wide applications in telecommunications as well as in networking (LANs and WANs). Fiber optics therefore is favored in this paper over conventional transmission systems such as open-wire line, coaxial cable and waveguide.The phenomenal growth in these new technologies, especially in wireless, has put new demands on the job duties of engineers and technologists. Industries are increasingly seeking graduates with appropriate background and training in these technologies. Wireless systems are only wireless in one sense; relying completely on wires for their function. It is my believe that the two will continue to compete for market share in the future. This paper describes a proposed advanced communications course in the form of lecture and laboratory studies. This course is designed for the study of both wireless and wireline communications systems in correct proportion as identified by the industry. Such studies provide specific skills that will be immediately usable in the industry. Knowledge of these crucial fields will broaden the undergraduate experience of technology and enhance their employment opportunities very greatly.

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Applying WDM technology to undersea cable networks

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

A Wired World: The Evolving Geography of Submarine Cables and the Shift to Asia

A Wired World: The Evolving Geography of Submarine Cables and the Shift to Asia

Concentric Core Fiber Design for Optical Fiber Communication

Curriculum Development Of An Advanced Communications Course By Sharing Properly Wireless And Wireline Systems In Electronics Engineering Technology Program

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