Applied pharmacoeconomics: Modeling data from internal and external sources

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Antithrombotic Therapy in Nonurgent Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

“…Subsequently, by applying these associated probabilities together with cost data gathered for each particular outcome measure, an overall expected value for each treatment option was calculated to compare the relative cost-effectiveness of each regimen from an institutional perspective. 8 Multiple sensitivity analyses were then conducted for a broad range of alternative costs and outcomes to test the overall robustness of the base-case cost-effectiveness ratios.…”

Applied pharmacoeconomics: considerations to drive the choice of a prophylactic antithrombotic regimen

“…By populating a model with local (internal) data and/or modifying key variables (e.g. percentage effectiveness, incidence of adverse drug reactions, healthcare costs), it is possible to obtain results more specific to each organization or patient population, while data from a published study (external data) are more successfully generalized [16]. Further, an economic evaluation can be built using evidence from observational studies (e.g.…”

“…Increased transparency regarding the methods, assumptions and data employed in pharmacoeconomic analyses can greatly assist decision makers in interpreting the results of individual studies in a more generalized context. It is critical to understand the assumptions used in the original model, and the adaptive approach may become difficult if key variables of the local setting are not included in the original model [16]. This is why, since 1995, the guidelines of the Task Force on Principles for Economic Analysis of Healthcare Technology strongly encourage editors of medical journals to permit full discussion of key assumptions and methods used in reporting on economic studies [19].…”

Pharmacy Practice Research Methods

“…Apart from individual data sources, researchers can also rely on published model to conduct economic analysis. A number of published pharmacoeconomic studies are available and if the topic of research is similar to a published study then adaptation of an existing model can not only save time but also can provide validity to the research (Sanchez and Lee 2000). Also, in cases where researchers have to estimate their own costs, it is important to define cost as total acquisition cost rather than the unit cost of a particular item.…”