Applied behavior analysis.

Abstract

Applied behavior analysis (ABA) differs from other areas of applied psychology in many respects, but two are especially prominent. First, ABA is not an eclectic enterprise, borrowing theory and method from varied persuasions; it is grounded in the theoretical and experimental orientation of behavior analysis. Second, whereas most applied fields are distinguished by their emphasis on a particular clientele, problem, or setting, ABA is constrained only by its principles and methods. ABA focuses on any aspect of human and sometimes nonhuman behavior, regardless of who emits it or where it occurs, crossing professional boundaries typically used to define clinical, educational, and organizational psychology as well as generational cohorts and diagnostic categories. Thus, the subject matter of ABA is not tied to any specific area of application. Other chapters in this handbook present summaries of applied research organized along more traditional lines. In this chapter, we emphasize ABA's distinctive features and summarize its major themes on the basis of the behavioral processes of interest.

The effects of cannabidiol on cue- and stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking behavior in mice are reverted by the CB1 receptor antagonist AM4113

“…Despite an overall lack of effect of CBD on extinction training, results show a decrease in cocaine seeking behavior after one CBD (20 mg/kg) injection, in the first extinction day. In this session, experimental subjects typically show an 'extinction burst' in which operant responses are greatly increased in respect to the last session when cocaine was still available (Lerman et al, 2012;Skinner, 1938). Such 'extinction bursting' behavior is often considered as a measure of the urge to consume the drug (craving) that is not 18 affected by the acute pharmacological effects of the drug or the development of a previous extinction learning and thus, is viewed as a predictor of relapse behavior (Wee et al, 2012).…”

“…We found that both, Bonferroni; p < 0.01) ( Figure 1d). 'Extinction bursting' behavior is considered as the paradoxical increase of operant responding when the instrumental behavior is no longer followed by the reinforcer presentation (Lerman et al, 2012;Skinner, 1938). To characterize this feature, we calculated a two-way repeated measures ANOVA for nosepoke responding during the FR1 phase, the first extinction session and the last extinction day.…”

Behavior Momentum Theory and Humans: A Review of the Literature

“…Moreover, in light of recent events (i.e., the Covid-19 pandemic), perhaps researchers can evaluate variables influencing response persistence of behaviors related to public health behaviors such as mask wearing. After all, behavior analysis is only restricted by its principles and methods (Lerman, Iwata, & Hanley, 2013).…”

Professional Credentialing of Practicing Behavior Analysts

“…Applied behavior analysts have taken this information and developed numerous techniques and treatment approaches for analyzing and changing behavior to improve lives. Because this approach is largely based on behavior and its consequences, the techniques generally involve teaching individuals more effective ways of behaving and making changes to the social consequences of existing behavior (Lerman, Iwata, & Hanley, 2013). ABA has been empirically shown to be effective in a wide variety of areas of concern, including parent training (Franks et al, 2013), substance abuse treatment (Silverman et al, 2007), dementia management (LeBlanc, Raetz, & Feliciano, 2011), brain injury rehabilitation (Heinicke & Carr, 2014), and occupational safety intervention (Geller, 2005), among others.…”