Applications of PLA in modern medicine

DeStefano, V. Ferrari; Khan, Sohail Ahmed; Tabada, Alonzo

doi:10.1016/j.engreg.2020.08.002

Cited by 274 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the resulting 3D printed materials demonstrated antioxidant capabilities. Likewise, DeStefano et al [ 19 ] carried out a detailed study to explain the important applications of PLA in the medical sector, such as tissue engineering, cardiovascular implants, dental implants, orthopedic intercession, tendon healing, and medical equipment. The authors descried that it is a versatile biopolymer and synthesized with ease from abundant renewable resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Response Optimization of Tensile Creep Behavior of PLA 3D Printed Parts Using Categorical Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2020

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Three-dimensional printed plastic products developed through fused deposition modeling (FDM) endure long-term loading in most of the applications. The tensile creep behavior of such products is one of the imperative benchmarks to ensure dimensional stability under cyclic and dynamic loads. This research dealt with the optimization of the tensile creep behavior of 3D printed parts produced through fused deposition modeling (FDM) using polylactic acid (PLA) material. The geometry of creep test specimens follows the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D2990) standards. Three-dimensional printing is performed on an open-source MakerBot desktop 3D printer. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed to predict the creep rate and rupture time by undertaking the layer height, infill percentage, and infill pattern type (linear, hexagonal, and diamond) as input process parameters. A total of 39 experimental runs were planned by means of a categorical central composite design. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) results revealed that the most influencing factors for creep rate were layer height, infill percentage, and infill patterns, whereas, for rupture time, infill pattern was found significant. The optimized levels obtained for both responses for hexagonal pattern were 0.1 mm layer height and 100% infill percentage. Some verification tests were performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the adopted RSM technique. The implemented research is believed to be a comprehensive guide for the additive manufacturing users to determine the optimum process parameters of FDM which influence the product creep rate and rupture time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Response Optimization of Tensile Creep Behavior of PLA 3D Printed Parts Using Categorical Response Surface Methodology

et al. 2020

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“…Some noticeable cytotoxicity (higher than 20% reduction of cell viability) can be seen in all studied polymers, included PLA, only after exposing the cells at high nanoparticle concentrations, i.e., higher than 800 μg/mL. Based on these results, it is clear that mPEG-PCL and the copolymer containing Fe-BTC are biocompatible and their biocompatibility is similar to that of PLA, a polymer of high biocompatibility which is extensively used in biomedical and pharmaceutical technology [ 50 , 51 , 52 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Dissolution Enhancement and Controlled Release of Paclitaxel Drug via a Hybrid Nanocarrier Based on mPEG-PCL Amphiphilic Copolymer and Fe-BTC Porous Metal-Organic Framework

et al. 2020

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In the present work, the porous metal-organic framework (MOF) Basolite®F300 (Fe-BTC) was tested as a potential drug-releasing depot to enhance the solubility of the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) and to prepare controlled release formulations after its encapsulation in amphiphilic methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (mPEG-PCL) nanoparticles. Investigation revealed that drug adsorption in Fe-BTC reached approximately 40%, a relatively high level, and also led to an overall drug amorphization as confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dissolution rate of PTX-loaded MOF was substantially enhanced achieving a complete (100%) release within four days, while the neat drug only reached a 13% maximum rate (3–4 days). This PTX-Fe-BTC nanocomposite was further encapsulated into a mPEG-PCL matrix, a typical aliphatic amphiphilic copolyester synthesized in our lab, whose biocompatibility was validated by in vitro cytotoxicity tests toward human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Encapsulation was performed according to the solid-in-oil-in-water emulsion/solvent evaporation technique, resulting in nanoparticles of about 143 nm, slightly larger of those prepared without the pre-adsorption of PTX on Fe-BTC (138 nm, respectively). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging revealed that spherical nanoparticles with embedded PTX-loaded Fe-BTC nanoparticles were indeed fabricated, with sizes ranging from 80 to 150 nm. Regions of the composite Fe-BTC-PTX system in the infrared (IR) spectrum are identified as signatures of the drug-MOF interaction. The dissolution profiles of all nanoparticles showed an initial burst release, attributed to the drug amount located at the nanoparticles surface or close to it, followed by a steadily and controlled release. This is corroborated by computational analysis that reveals that PTX attaches effectively to Fe-BTC building blocks, but its relatively large size limits diffusion through crystalline regions of Fe-BTC. The dissolution behaviour can be described through a bimodal diffusivity model. The nanoparticles studied could serve as potential chemotherapeutic candidates for PTX delivery.

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“…It is the only one, synthesized on a greater scale that is concurrently: biocompatible, biodegradable and biobased [ 16 ]. PLA is an aliphatic biobased polyester derived from lactic acid (2-hydroxypropionic acid) [ 9 , 17 , 18 , 19 ], which is mostly derived from animal or plant sources such as cellulose, starch, corn, fish waste and kitchen waste [ 20 ]. Carothers in 1932 was the first to synthesize PLA with low molecular weight, while DuPont in 1954 patented a product with a higher molecular weight [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic Acid): A Versatile Biobased Polymer for the Future with Multifunctional Properties—From Monomer Synthesis, Polymerization Techniques and Molecular Weight Increase to PLA Applications

et al. 2021

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Environmental problems, such as global warming and plastic pollution have forced researchers to investigate alternatives for conventional plastics. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), one of the well-known eco-friendly biodegradables and biobased polyesters, has been studied extensively and is considered to be a promising substitute to petroleum-based polymers. This review gives an inclusive overview of the current research of lactic acid and lactide dimer techniques along with the production of PLA from its monomers. Melt polycondensation as well as ring opening polymerization techniques are discussed, and the effect of various catalysts and polymerization conditions is thoroughly presented. Reaction mechanisms are also reviewed. However, due to the competitive decomposition reactions, in the most cases low or medium molecular weight (MW) of PLA, not exceeding 20,000–50,000 g/mol, are prepared. For this reason, additional procedures such as solid state polycondensation (SSP) and chain extension (CE) reaching MW ranging from 80,000 up to 250,000 g/mol are extensively investigated here. Lastly, numerous practical applications of PLA in various fields of industry, technical challenges and limitations of PLA use as well as its future perspectives are also reported in this review.

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Applications of PLA in modern medicine

Cited by 274 publications

References 56 publications

Multi-Response Optimization of Tensile Creep Behavior of PLA 3D Printed Parts Using Categorical Response Surface Methodology

Multi-Response Optimization of Tensile Creep Behavior of PLA 3D Printed Parts Using Categorical Response Surface Methodology

Dissolution Enhancement and Controlled Release of Paclitaxel Drug via a Hybrid Nanocarrier Based on mPEG-PCL Amphiphilic Copolymer and Fe-BTC Porous Metal-Organic Framework

Poly(lactic Acid): A Versatile Biobased Polymer for the Future with Multifunctional Properties—From Monomer Synthesis, Polymerization Techniques and Molecular Weight Increase to PLA Applications

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