Application of virtual environments in a multi-disciplinary day neurorehabilitation program to improve executive functioning using the Stroop task

Dahdah, Marie; Bennett, Monica; Prajapati, Purvi; Parsons, Thomas D.; Sullivan, Erin; Driver, Simon

doi:10.3233/nre-172183

Cited by 45 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Thus, VR could allow greater results than paper-pencil exercises, through global stimulation and dual cognitive and motor tasking, which allow greater patient involvement. Indeed, according to Dahdah et al [20], our data demonstrate, for the first time ever, that semi-immersive VR may be effective in improving executive functions and the speed of information processing in patients with TBI. Furthermore, VR increases motivation and enjoyment of the patients (important factors for successful rehabilitation), further favoring the behavioral and cognitive recovery, as also observed by Dvorkin et al [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Several studies using VR have shown that it increases cognitive and behavioral skills in patients with TBI [13–16]. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that VR may be effective in improving executive functions in patients with TBI in the subacute phase [20]. In a recent review, Maggio et al [9] found that VR might positively affect memory, attention, executive function, behavior, and mood in individuals with TBI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving Cognitive Function after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Trial on the Potential Use of the Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality

Luca

Maggio

Maresca

et al. 2019

Behavioural Neurology

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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the most common cause of long-term disability and death among young adults, and it represents an enormous socioeconomic and healthcare burden. Our purpose is to evaluate the effects of a virtual reality training with BTs-Nirvana (BTs-N) on the recovery of cognitive functions in TBI subjects, using the interactive semi-immersive program. One hundred patients with TBI were enrolled in this study and randomized into either the Traditional Cognitive Rehabilitation Group (TCRG: n=50) or the Virtual Reality Training Group (VRTG: n=50). The VRTG underwent a VRT with BTs-N, whereas the TCRG received a standard cognitive treatment. Each treatment session lasted 60 minutes and was repeated three times a week for 8 weeks. All of the patients were evaluated by a specific psychometric battery before (T0) and immediately (T1) after the end of the training. VRTG and TCRG had a significant improvement in cognitive functioning and in mood, but only VRTG presented with a significant increase in cognitive flexibility and shifting skills and in selective attention. In conclusion, our results suggest that VR may be a useful and effective approach for the rehabilitation of patients with TBI, leading to better cognitive and behavioral outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Cognitive Function after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Trial on the Potential Use of the Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality

Luca

Maggio

Maresca

et al. 2019

Behavioural Neurology

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“…VR is an emerging technology for which researchers are finding novel uses in a variety of different disorders. VR has shown promise in traumatic brain injury rehabilitation for both cognitive and gait‐related difficulties . VR has shown to be useful in psychiatric settings, especially for those with anxiety‐related disorders , such as social anxiety disorder.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality–Based Biofeedback and Guided Meditation in Rheumatology: A Pilot Study

Venuturupalli

Chu²,

Vicari³

et al. 2019

ACR Open Rheumatology

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Objective. As technology continues to improve, it plays an increasingly vital role in the practice of medicine. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the implementation of virtual reality (VR) in a rheumatology clinic as a platform to administer guided meditation and biofeedback as a means of reducing chronic pain.Methods. Twenty participants were recruited from a rheumatology clinic. These participants included adults with physician-diagnosed autoimmune disorders who were on a stable regimen of medication and had a score of at least 5 on the pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for a minimum of 4 days during the prior 30 days. VAS, part of most composite outcome measurements in rheumatology, is an instrument used to assess pain that consists of a straight line with the endpoints ranging from "no pain at all" and "pain as bad as it could be." Patients were randomized into two groups that differed in the order in which they experienced the two VR modules. One module consisted of a guided meditation (GM) environment, whereas the other module consisted of a respiratory biofeedback (BFD) environment. Data on pain and anxiety levels were gathered before, during, and after the two modules.Results. The three most common diagnoses among participants were rheumatoid arthiritis (RA), lupus, and fibromyalgia. There was a significant reduction in VAS scores after BFD and GM (P values = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). There was a significant reduction in Facial Anxiety Scale after the GM compared with the BFD (P values = 0.02 and 0.08, respectively).Conclusion. This novel study demonstrated that VR could be a feasible solution for the management of pain and anxiety in rheumatology patients. Further trials with varying treatment exposures and durations are required to solidify the viability of VR as a treatment option in rheumatology clinics.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted with healthy adults in this field; hence, there is no point of reference with the same population as to the current study. Nonetheless, the authors of [69] studied older adults at risk for mild cognitive impairments, the authors of [70] studied patients with brain injury, and the authors of [71] studied cardiac rehabilitation patients-all utilized the Stroop test. Performance in VR was present in all three studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Exercise with Superimposed Virtual Reality Improves Cognitive Flexibility and Selective Attention in Young Males

et al. 2020

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The literature to date is limited regarding the implantation of VR in healthy young individuals with a focus on cognitive function. Thirty healthy males aged between 22.8 and 24.3 years volunteered to participate in the study randomly and were assigned to one of two groups with alike exercises: an experimental group (GE, n = 15) that performed an exercise protocol with a VR game and a controlled group that performed the exercise protocol without the VR (CON, n = 15). A 128-card computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST) and the Stroop test were completed before and after the exercise protocol. There was a significant interaction effect between time and condition for WCST preservation errors (F1,30 = 4.59, p = 0.041, η2p = 0.141) and a significant time effect for all WCST and Stroop outcomes in GE. Results of preliminary findings suggest that the use of a VR platform offers effective benefits with respect to cognitive flexibility and selective attention. In addition, participants can achieve additional benefits in cognitive flexibility by engaging in a traditional exercise protocol of a similar volume.

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Application of virtual environments in a multi-disciplinary day neurorehabilitation program to improve executive functioning using the Stroop task

Abstract: Implementation of immersive VR interventions during neurorehabilitation is effective in improving specific executive functions and information processing speed in brain-injured patients during the subacute period.

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Improving Cognitive Function after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Trial on the Potential Use of the Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality

Improving Cognitive Function after Traumatic Brain Injury: A Clinical Trial on the Potential Use of the Semi-Immersive Virtual Reality

Virtual Reality–Based Biofeedback and Guided Meditation in Rheumatology: A Pilot Study

Aerobic Exercise with Superimposed Virtual Reality Improves Cognitive Flexibility and Selective Attention in Young Males

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