Application of vermicompost and biochar suppresses Fusarium root rot of replanted American ginseng

Tian, Guoqiang; Bi, Yang; Jiao, Xiaolin; Zhang, Ximei; Li, Junfei; Fang-bing, Niu; Gao, Weiwei

doi:10.1007/s00253-021-11464-y

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Frente a esta variación de mazorcas sanas cosechadas y la reducción de mazorcas enfermas, varios investigadores sostienen que depende de varios factores externos a las aplicaciones de biochar, como el clima en la zona en estudio, tipos de suelo o presión de la enfermedad de plantaciones aledañas (Quevedo-Guerrero & Farez-Yunga, 2021; Pinzón-Nuñez et al, 2022). Para Tian et al, (2021), explica que los biochar tiene una acción supresora y que se incrementa al mezclarse con el humus de lombrices, esto porque promueve la proliferación de bacterias que fijan N y que actúan como saprofitos varios hongos patógenos que se encuentra en el suelo. Por otra parte, Pinzon-Nuñez et al, (2022), explican que el biochar regula la degradación de los ácidos fenólicos en el interior de la planta, principal metabolito que actua como agente protector de patógeno.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

“…En el caso del humus de lombriz, se reconoce una mejora en la asimilación de los cationes tales como el P, Mg y Fe, evitando la concentración de sales (sodio, cloruros, etc.) y estabiliza el pH del suelo; así como también, promociona la proliferación de organismos benéficos que impidan el desarrollo de patógenos (Khatua et al, 2018;Tian et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Efecto del uso de abono orgánico con biocarbón sobre las características morfológicas de mazorca de Theobroma cacao cv CCN51

2022

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La pérdida de fertilidad del suelo y los patógenos afectan de manera directa el rendimiento del cacao. Una alternativa para estos problemas es el uso de abonos orgánicos como el biocarbon (BC). El objetivo de la presente investigación fue medir los efectos de varias dosis de BC de cacao (BCC) y de banano (BCB) en mezcla con humus de lombriz sobre algunos parámetros en la morfología de la mazorca del cacao CCN51. Se delimito cuatro parcelas, en cada una se evaluaron 15 plantas por tratamiento que se conformaron por dosis de: 50 g (T1) y 75 g (T2) de BCC+humus, 50 g (T3) y 75 g (T4) de BCB+humus y dosis de 150 g de humus (T0-parcela control). Los promedios más altos de mazorcas sanas cosechadas (MS) correspondieron a T0 (13,45 MS), seguido de T3, T2 y T4, sin obtener diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) entre los tratamientos, pero si con la parcela control. En mazorcas enfermas (ME) el mayor valor fue de 3,23 (T0) y el promedio más bajo de 1,96. El porcentaje de mazorcas sanas cosechadas varió de 78.54% (T0) a 82.95 %(T4), sin obtener diferencias significativas. Tampoco se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en los parámetros de largo, diámetro y peso de mazorca. El rango de peso de 100 semillas secas fue 166,65 g (T0) a 185,56 g (T1) con diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. Los tratamientos de BC+humus mostraron valores superiores de MS y menores de ME a los obtenidos en otras investigaciones.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

Efecto del uso de abono orgánico con biocarbón sobre las características morfológicas de mazorca de Theobroma cacao cv CCN51

2022

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“…Disease resistance was evaluated by the disease index, which was calculated as follows ( Tian et al., 2021a ):…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere microorganisms of Crocus sativus as antagonists against pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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IntroductionSeveral microorganisms in the plant root system, especially in the rhizosphere, have their own compositions and functions. Corm rot is the most severe disease of Crocus sativus, leading to more than 50% mortality in field production.MethodsIn this study, metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze microbial composition and function in the rhizosphere of C. sativus for possible microbial antagonists against pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum.ResultsThe microbial diversity and composition were different in the C. sativus rhizosphere from different habitats. The diversity index (Simpson index) was significantly lower in the C. sativus rhizospheric soil from Chongming (Rs_CM) and degenerative C. sativus rhizospheric soil from Chongming (RsD_CM) than in others. Linear discriminant analysis effect size results showed that differences among habitats were mainly at the order (Burkholderiales, Micrococcales, and Hypocreales) and genus (Oidiodendron and Marssonina) levels. Correlation analysis of the relative lesion area of corm rot showed that Asanoa was the most negatively correlated bacterial genus (ρ = −0.7934, p< 0.001), whereas Moniliophthora was the most negatively correlated fungal genus (ρ = −0.7047, p< 0.001). The relative lesion area result showed that C. sativus from Qiaocheng had the highest resistance, followed by Xiuzhou and Jiande. C. sativus groups with high disease resistance had abundant pathogen resistance genes, such as chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase genes, from rhizosphere microorganisms. Further, 13 bacteria and 19 fungi were isolated from C. sativus rhizosphere soils, and antagonistic activity against pathogenic F. oxysporum was observed on potato dextrose agar medium. In vivo corm experiments confirmed that Trichoderma yunnanense SR38, Talaromyces sp. SR55, Burkholderia gladioli SR379, and Enterobacter sp. SR343 displayed biocontrol activity against corm rot disease, with biocontrol efficiency of 20.26%, 31.37%, 39.22%, and 14.38%, respectively.DiscussionThis study uncovers the differences in the microbial community of rhizosphere soil of C. sativus with different corm rot disease resistance and reveals the role of four rhizospheric microorganisms in providing the host C. sativus with resistance against corm rot. The obtained biocontrol microorganisms can also be used for application research and field management.

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“…White and red pine bark mulch reduced root infections of P. quinquefolius by Rhizoctonia solani compared to oat straw mulch, possibly due to the bark leachates releasing an enteric bacterium and a yeast that were inhibitory to R. solani [49]. Soil additives, like vermicompost, a mixture of compost and worm castings, reduced the level of Fusarium root rot and increased the relative abundance of the beneficial bacteria Pseudomonas, Lysobacter, and Chryseolinea in the rhizosphere of P. quinquefolius [53]. Artificial shading used in ginseng gardens would likely have an effect as it not only reduces light intensity but also reduces air temperatures over ginseng beds up to 6 • C [54].…”

Section: Impact Of Cultivation Of the Rhizosphere Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The Rhizosphere Microbiome of Ginseng

Goodwin

2022

Microorganisms

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The rhizosphere of ginseng contains a wide range of microorganisms that can have beneficial or harmful effects on the plant. Root exudates of ginseng, particularly ginsenosides and phenolic acids, appear to select for particular microbial populations through their stimulatory and inhibitory activities, which may account for the similarities between the rhizosphere microbiomes of different cultivated species of Panax. Many practices of cultivation attempt to mimic the natural conditions of ginseng as an understory plant in hilly forested areas. However, these practices are often disruptive to soil, and thus the soil microbiome differs between wild and cultivated ginseng. Changes in the microbiome during cultivation can be harmful as they have been associated with negative changes of the soil physiochemistry as well as the promotion of plant diseases. However, isolation of a number of beneficial microbes from the ginseng rhizosphere indicates that many have the potential to improve ginseng production. The application of high-throughput sequencing to study the rhizosphere microbiome of ginseng grown under a variety of conditions continues to greatly expand our knowledge of the diversity and abundance of those organisms as well as their impacts of cultivation. While there is much more to be learnt, many aspects of the ginseng rhizosphere microbiome have already been revealed.

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Application of vermicompost and biochar suppresses Fusarium root rot of replanted American ginseng

Cited by 17 publications

References 81 publications

Efecto del uso de abono orgánico con biocarbón sobre las características morfológicas de mazorca de Theobroma cacao cv CCN51

Efecto del uso de abono orgánico con biocarbón sobre las características morfológicas de mazorca de Theobroma cacao cv CCN51

Rhizosphere microorganisms of Crocus sativus as antagonists against pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum

The Rhizosphere Microbiome of Ginseng

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