Application of ultrasonic sensors in the process industry

Hauptmann, P.; Hoppe, N.; Püttmer, A.

doi:10.1088/0957-0233/13/8/201

Cited by 169 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Referred to [17], if only one ultrasonic pulse is allowed to travel in an ultrasonic cell, the expression for the attenuated pulse, neglecting echoes, can be readily written as A is the wave amplitude after it has traveled the distance x , 0 A is the initial amplitude, α is the total attenuation coefficient which may possibly comprise viscous, thermal, scattering and relaxation losses, excluding the classical absorption due to low frequency limit [18]. The scattering effects can be negligible, if the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave is much greater than molecular sizes, [19][20].…”

Section: Subject and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Dry Rubber Content in Latex Solution Using an Ultrasonic Pulse

Kerdtongmee

Pumdaung

Danworaphong

2014

Measurement Science Review

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The quality of latex solution harvested from a para rubber tree is determined by the amount of dry rubber content (DRC). In this work, we propose the use of an ultrasonic pulse for quantifying the DRC in latex solution. Fresh latex solutions are acquired locally from different regions in the south of Thailand. The DRC of the solutions is evaluated for calibration purposes by the standard technique as recommended in ISO126:2005. Along with the calibration experiment, the ultrasonic pulse experiment is performed on the same set of the solutions in cylindrical tubes of different lengths. The ultrasonic pulse transverse longitudinally through the tubes which are fully contained with the latex solutions. Ultrasonic speeds and spatial attenuations for different dry rubber contents can then be obtained. Our results reveal that the ultrasonic speed and spatial attenuation are linearly proportional to the amount of dry rubber content in latex solution. Using the empirical relationship between the spatial attenuation and the DRC, we can predict the DRC with the accuracy comparable to that of the microwave-drying technique. Given the size of the tube, our setup is relatively small and can be portable.

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Section: Subject and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying Dry Rubber Content in Latex Solution Using an Ultrasonic Pulse

Kerdtongmee

Pumdaung

Danworaphong

2014

Measurement Science Review

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“…ultrasonic velocity measurements) are non-invasive and inexpensive, and measure properties of a medium in real time and/or in situ. Despite all advantages, ultrasonic techniques have certain challenges [65]. Knowledge of the acoustic properties of the studied material and an accurate interpretation are probably the most important ones.…”

Section: Ultrasoundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymerization Online Monitoring

Frauendorfer¹,

Wolf²,

Hergeth³

2010

Chem Eng & Technol

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Online monitoring of polymerization reactions is not only important due to the high exothermic nature of most polymerization systems; the data gained also provides information on product composition and quality and control possibilities thereof. Many inline and online methods are still in development and are better suited for application on the laboratory or pilot-plant scale. Industrial polymerization plant environments pose additional technical and financial challenges and constraints for the use of such systems. Available methods and current developments are reviewed with regard to their practicability and usefulness under these aspects.

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“…And Raman spectroscopy and XRD [12,13] were used for the identification of polymorphs. In recent years, on-line Ultrasonic Attenuation Spectroscopy (UAS) [14][15][16] has attracted more and more attention for the characterization of crystal size and size distribution. Crystal size distribution is a vital property for crystalline products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%