Application of three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide-gold composite modified electrode for direct electrochemistry and electrocatalysis of myoglobin

Electrocatalytic Properties of Immobilized Heme Proteins: Basic Principles and Applications

“…In a short time scale, typical of a CV measurement, the protein transfers electrons with the electrode without diffusing through the film. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] Substrate turn-over or electron transfer rate can heavily affect the kinetics of biocatalyzed reactions. [42][43][44][45][46][47] In electron-hopping mechanism, the ET from or to the single protein molecule can be extended sequentially from the electrode surface to protein molecules far away from the surface by successive electron exchange (hopping) among adjacent protein molecules in the films (see Figure 1 in ref.…”

“…[42][43][44][45][46][47] In electron-hopping mechanism, the ET from or to the single protein molecule can be extended sequentially from the electrode surface to protein molecules far away from the surface by successive electron exchange (hopping) among adjacent protein molecules in the films (see Figure 1 in ref. [5,33,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] Electrocatalysis based on direct electron transfer (DET) is yielded by several enzymes regardless of whether or not the redox center coincides with the catalytic center. The electron transfer process in the film, however, must be accompanied by the diffusion of counterions from or to the external solution to compensate the charge acquired by the film due to the electron transfer.…”

Voltammetric Determination of Anti-Hypertensive Drug Hydrochlorothiazide Using Screen-Printed Electrodes Modified with L-Glutamic Acid

“…In the last decade, electrode modification through the immobilization of different species on the electrode surface has caused great interest in the development of new electrochemical sensors for the detection and quantification of different analytes in solution [19][20][21]. Thus, an essential aspect in the design of these new sensors is the molecule immobilization procedure.…”

Electrochemical Aptasensor for Myoglobin-Specific Recognition Based on Porphyrin Functionalized Graphene-Conjugated Gold Nanocomposites

“…Therefore, sensitive and convenient detection of myoglobin is of great value. To date, methods that have been reported for measuring myoglobin include mass spectrometry [4], surface plasmon resonance [5], and electrochemical [6] and colorimetric biosensors [7]. Although most of the methods possess high sensitivity and selectivity, there still exist some limitations, such as expensive equipment and complicated operation [8].…”

“…Therefore, an increasing number of electrochemical sensors have been developed for myoglobin detection, including the three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide and gold composite with carbon ionic liquid electrode (3D RGO–Au/CILE) composite sensor [6], molecularly imprinted polymer/gold on screen printed electrode (MIP/Au–SPE) devices [11], and peptide-based electrochemical myoglobin [12]. Among them, electrochemical aptasensors and immunosensors are much superior due to their high specificity and sensitivity resulting from high affinity between aptamers/antibodies and the corresponding targets [13,14].…”