Application of the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) to the safety evaluation of cosmetic ingredients

Thresholds of Toxicological Concern for cosmetics-related substances: New database, thresholds, and enrichment of chemical space

“…It has also been used as a first-level screening tool to prioritize for review a large number of substances identified as needing an assessment under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (Health Canada, 2016). Consideration has also been given to whether the TTC approach could be applied to human biomonitoring data (Becker et al, 2012) and to human exposures by non-oral routes (Carthew et al, 2009;Escher et al, 2010;Hennes, 2012;Kroes et al, 2007;Partosch et al, 2015).…”

Green Toxicology

“…With an appropriate safety factor it is unlikely that an unknown agent will exert this toxicity at lower doses. the concept has been pioneered for food (Kroes, 2004) and cosmetics (Blackburn et al, 2005;Kroes et al, 2007), but also adapted to pharmaceuticals, especially for genotoxic impurities. the World Health Organization, for one notable example, is currently reviewing the approach 2 .…”

Food for thought ... on the evolution of toxicology and phasing out of animal testing

“…Still, when giving priority, there is good reason why for example REACH asks to waive testing if exposure is negligible. The approach has been formalised and further developed under the name "thresholds of toxicological concern (TTC)" (Kroes et al, 2000;Kroes et al, 2007). This suggests not only empirical levels below which no toxicological activity can be reasonably expected, but also suggests that these levels might differ for chemical classes, mainly because different chemistry represents different bioavailability.…”