Application of Temperature and Process Duration as a Method for Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Thermally Modified Timber

Chu, Demiao; Hasanagić, Redžo; Hodžić, Atif; Kržišnik, Davor; Hodžić, Damir; Bahmani, Mohsen; Petrič, Marko; Humar, Miha

doi:10.3390/f13020217

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This selection of samples enables a deeper understanding of the differences between unmodified and thermally modified wood, providing valuable insights for application in various industrial and construction projects. The unmodified samples exhibited an average density of 0.366 g/cm 3 , whereas the modified samples had an average density of 0.353 g/cm 3 . Additionally, the average moisture content of the samples ranged from 8 to 12%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Mechanical Performance of Heat-Treated Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Wood

Hasanagic,

Fathi,

Sefidruh

et al. 2023

FWIAFE

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In this study, the mechanical characteristics of Norway spruce wood (Picea abies) from Bosnia and Herzegovina were investigated by thermal treatment at three different temperatures (specifically, 180, 190, and 210°C) and treatment durations (namely, 2, 3, and 4 hours). For this purpose, the maximum 4-point bending force, the modulus of elasticity in bending, the compression strength parallel to the grain, and the compression strength perpendicular to the grain in treated and untreated specimens were evaluated. Results indicated that the relationship between temperature and duration modification affects the mechanical properties of wood specimens. The results revealed that the relationship between temperature and duration modification influenced the mechanical properties of the wood samples. Specifically, in terms of compression strength, it was observed that the heat-treated specimens exhibited improved mechanical properties compared to the unmodified specimens. However, for the maximum 4-point bending force and modulus of elasticity, the results indicated a decrease in mechanical properties.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Wood is a highly significant building material, particularly Norway spruce wood, which holds great importance in Central Europe [3]. However, many European wood species have non-durable wood, limiting their use in outdoor applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Performance of Heat-Treated Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Wood

Hasanagic,

Fathi,

Sefidruh

et al. 2023

FWIAFE

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“…The research presented in [12] investigates the effect of thermal modification on the physical and mechanical properties of wood. To this aim, the experimental part was focused on the selected influencing parameters, namely temperature, residence time and density, while the fourpoint flexural strength was obtained as an output parameter.…”

Section: Horbachova Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Mobile technology of thermal modification of wood

Horbachova¹,

Tsapko²,

Mazurchuk³

et al. 2022

Ukr. j. for. wood sci.

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Wood as a structural material has a number of disadvantages, including a short service life, relatively low dimensional stability, significant volumetric deformations under the influence of moisture, pronounced anisotropy and water absorption. Thermomodification slightly improves physical and mechanical properties, but the problem of changing surface characteristics, in particular adhesion, arises. In order to determine the technological characteristics of thermally modified wood and to develop possible measures to improve the technology of applying protective coatings, the surface energy and compressive strength limit along the fibers were determined. A comprehensive approach is applied to analyze the state of the thermally modified wood surface through the study of surface energy characteristics based on the Fowkes method, which takes into account dispersion, hydrogen and dipole-dipole interactions at the solid-liquid interface. According to the marginal angle of wetting, it was found that the process of thermal modification wood helps to increase the resistance of its surface to wetting due to a decrease in polarity by 1.68 times with an increase in the duration of modification to 30 min. At the same time, the surface free energy for samples modified at 300 °C for 5 min. is 64.5 mJ/m2, during 30 min. – 24.1 mJ/m2. Regarding compressive strength, thermal modification reduces the strength limit by 1.46 times. At a temperature of 300 ºС and a time of 5 min. and 15 min. the indicator remains at the level of ordinary wood – 42 MPa. Treatment for 30 min. reduces the strength limit to 29 MPa, wood loses plasticity. The obtained results make it possible to effectively choose stable coatings for such wood for high-quality surface treatment with paint and varnish materials. Knowing the moment of time from which the reduction of the strength limit begins, conducting the process of thermal modification becomes more controlled and makes it possible to predict the characteristics of the future material

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“…The modification process is carried out in a reduced oxygen environment at elevated temperatures (160 • C to 240 • C) [7,8], which causes chemical and physical changes in the wood, resulting in improved durability and dimensional stability [9]. TMT finds application in indoor and outdoor use as decking, flooring, cladding, garden furniture, and window joinery [10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selected Mechanical and Physical Properties of Thermally Modified Wood after Field Exposure Tests

Dong

Hasanagić

Fathi

et al. 2023

Forests

Self Cite

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This study aimed to evaluate the impact of thermal modification on the physical and mechanical properties of three different wood species from Bosnia and Herzegovina, namely beech wood (Fagus sylvatica L.), linden wood (Tilia cordata), and silver fir wood (Abies alba). The samples underwent thermal modification at five different temperatures (170 °C, 180 °C, 195 °C, 210 °C, and 220 °C) for varying durations (ranging from 78 to 276 min). After treatment, they were exposed to outdoor conditions for twelve months. The study examined the four-point bending strength, tensile force, color change, and surface quality of the modified and unmodified samples. The results showed that outdoor exposure negatively impacted the mechanical properties of the unmodified samples, especially in the linden wood which was 41% and the beech wood which was 42%. Additionally, outdoor exposure caused significant surface cracks in the thermally modified linden and beech wood. The study also found prominent color changes in the modified and unmodified samples during twelve months of exposure. The roughness of the samples was determined with a confocal laser scanning microscope, which showed that the roughness increased on both the axial and the longitudinal surfaces after weathering. The highest roughness for the fir wood was determined to be 15.6 µm. Overall, this study demonstrates the importance of wood modification and its impact on the use-value of wood products.

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Application of Temperature and Process Duration as a Method for Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Thermally Modified Timber

Cited by 6 publications

References 31 publications

Mechanical Performance of Heat-Treated Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Wood

Mechanical Performance of Heat-Treated Norway Spruce (Picea abies) Wood

Mobile technology of thermal modification of wood

Selected Mechanical and Physical Properties of Thermally Modified Wood after Field Exposure Tests

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